Sustainable Retrofits: A Design-led Perspective on Building with a Conscience

In our world today, where the drive for sustainable living has never been stronger, architects must look beyond mere aesthetics and push for meaningful impacts. We believe in championing retrofits that not only reduce energy usage but create a sustainable and lasting change, ultimately benefiting both our planet and its inhabitants.

Queen's Park House by RISE Design Studio - a retrofit project in NW London which included reclaimed bricks, solar panels and increased insulation to the walls, floors and roof
Queen’s Park House by RISE Design Studio – a retrofit project in NW London which included reclaimed bricks, solar panels and increased insulation to the thermal envelope

1. Reimagining Retrofitting: The Bigger Picture

When we talk about retrofit projects, energy efficiency naturally springs to mind. However, the environmental ripple effects of such endeavours are much more profound, extending to realms like material sourcing, manufacturing, and even disposal. Our holistic retrofitting approach encompasses all these areas, ensuring that our impact is beneficial, long-lasting, and environmentally friendly.

2. The Charm and Efficiency of Natural Materials

Natural materials stand out due to their lower environmental footprint – they need less energy in their production, are often recyclable, and compared to synthetic counterparts, contribute positively to our environment. Their intrinsic value, however, doesn’t stop there. These materials, during their growth, act as carbon sinks, drawing and locking carbon dioxide from our atmosphere. This natural carbon sequestration ensures that buildings constructed or retrofitted using such materials contribute to long-term carbon reduction.

3. Natural Breathability: A Match Made for Older Buildings

Older structures were crafted with a deep understanding of natural breathability, helping manage moisture without the need for modern ventilation systems. However, using modern non-breathable materials such as cement render or synthetic insulation can compromise this delicate balance, causing damp issues. Hence, natural materials, with their inherent breathability, remain indispensable for safeguarding these buildings and preserving their historical integrity.

4. Elevating Energy Efficiency with Wood Fibre

As an example, consider the thermal performance improvement of a solid masonry wall when treated with wood fibre insulation. Not only can its thermal efficiency improve by up to 90%, but it also aligns seamlessly with the latest Building Regulations. This treatment focuses on vital technical and practical issues, including U Values, vapour control, and other methods of improving airtightness and controlling dampness.

5. Roof Refurbishments: The Wood Fibre Advantage

Roof renovations often present unique challenges and opportunities. Whether the focus is on external renovations, interior makeovers, or loft conversions, wood fibre insulation remains a top recommendation. Not only does it provide excellent U values and vapour control, but its natural moisture management capabilities and heat protection qualities ensure that the retrofit is both durable and efficient.

6. Featured Green Products: Making the Right Choice

  • Steico Therm: Ideal for insulating internal walls of solid masonry, this wood fibre board enhances thermal capacity impressively.
  • SkamoWall Board: This calcium silicate-based system actively combats damp and mould growth, ensuring healthier interiors.
  • Breathaplasta: A breathable plaster solution that tackles indoor air quality and reduces mould and condensation, making homes healthier.
  • Steico Flex: An eco-friendly insulation solution versatile enough for various applications, providing both thermal and acoustic insulation.
  • Baumit Silikatin: An eco-friendly paint alternative that’s both vapour-open and environmentally friendly.
  • Blowerproof: A liquid-applied membrane perfect for ensuring airtightness in retrofit applications.

7. Building Physics in Retrofitting

  • Optimising Thermal Performance: Boosting insulation, upgrading fenestrations, and focusing on minimising thermal bridges are key.
  • Managing Moisture: Addressing issues like condensation and mould growth is essential for maintaining indoor air quality.
  • Enhancing Airtightness: Minimising uncontrolled air infiltration by sealing gaps and cracks can substantially elevate energy efficiency.

8. Economic Considerations in Retrofitting

  • Cost-Benefit Analysis: Weighing the initial investment against long-term savings is critical in deciding a retrofit’s viability.
  • Return on Investment: Understanding the payback period is key to ascertaining the economic attractiveness of a retrofit project.
  • Exploring Financing and Incentives: Various financial support mechanisms, such as grants and tax credits, can make retrofitting projects more affordable.

9. Technical Expertise in Retrofits

  • Performance-Based Upgrades: Tailoring retrofit solutions based on energy audits can ensure specific energy efficiency enhancements.
  • Compatibility and Integration: Ensuring seamless integration of retrofit components maximises overall performance.
  • Futureproofing and Flexibility: Adaptable solutions cater to future technological advancements and regulatory shifts.

10. The Vision Ahead: Designing with Purpose

In conclusion, a successful retrofit, as we’ve always believed in our studio, is a harmonious blend of economic, technical, and building physics principles. This trifecta, when addressed comprehensively, results in indoor spaces that are healthier, more energy-efficient, and truly comfortable – a testament to our commitment to designing with a conscience.

Harnessing the wisdom of the past, the innovations of the present, and the aspirations for a sustainable future, our architectural approach stands as a beacon for conscious, sustainable design.

If you would like to talk through your project with the team, please do get in touch at mail@risedesignstudio.co.uk or give us a call at 020 3290 1003

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Reviving the Victorian Grandeur: A Comprehensive Guide to Sustainable Extensions and Modern Interiors

London, with its enduring heritage and centuries of history, stands as a testament to the architectural excellence of past epochs. It boasts an extensive range of architectural styles, but perhaps none as iconic or as deeply woven into the city’s fabric as Victorian architecture. Wandering through neighbourhoods like Chelsea, with its quaint terraces, or exploring the leafy avenues of Hampstead where sprawling semi-detached houses dominate the landscape, one is immediately reminded of a time of grandeur and detail. These structures, with their ornate facades, high ceilings, and intricate details, echo tales of a period defined by industrial growth and a keen sense of aesthetics.

A row of typical Victorian terrace houses in Queen's Park, North West London
A row of typical Victorian terrace houses in Queen’s Park, North West London

However, as captivating as Victorian homes may be, the demands of 21st-century living often pose challenges to their age-old designs. While these houses exude a certain allure, their internal spaces – originally crafted for different lifestyles – can sometimes feel restrictive by today’s standards. The modern family often desires open-plan living, more natural light, or simply more space, and these requirements can be at odds with the original Victorian layout.

This is where the art of the extension comes into play. Extensions not only offer homeowners the chance to tailor their homes to their needs, but they also provide an opportunity to marry the old with the new and to blend history with modernity. The goal is not just to add space, but to do so in a manner that respects the original architecture while seamlessly connecting it with contemporary design principles.

Moreover, with the growing emphasis on sustainability, there’s an increasing need to ensure that these extensions are energy-efficient and have minimal carbon footprints. The challenge then becomes twofold: to maintain the architectural sanctity of these historic buildings, while simultaneously ensuring they adhere to the highest standards of environmental sustainability.

Thus, the delicate balance of integrating the contemporary with the classic becomes paramount. For any homeowner or architect venturing into the domain of Victorian home extensions, it is a dance of reverence to the past and a nod to the future, ensuring that history and modernity coexist in harmony.

Sean, Sude and Imran discussing a new build house in the studio
Sean, Sude and Imran discussing a new build house in the Maida Vale studio

1. The Merits of Hiring a Professional Architect:

In our contemporary era, the allure of the ‘Do It Yourself’ approach has steadily gained traction. With a multitude of online resources and television programmes showcasing transformative projects, many homeowners might be tempted to embark on architectural endeavours without professional intervention. However, navigating the complexities of design and construction isn’t merely about having a vision; it demands expertise, intricate knowledge, and a meticulous approach. Herein lies the irrefutable value of engaging a professional architect.

  • Safeguarding Your Investment:
  • Home is often the most significant investment one makes in a lifetime. Thus, ensuring its value is paramount. Poor or amateur building work doesn’t just detract from the aesthetic appeal but can severely diminish the property’s market value. An experienced architect ensures that every design decision not only enhances the home’s beauty but also boosts its overall worth.
  • Mitigating Costly Mistakes:
  • The construction process is fraught with potential pitfalls. An error in the planning or execution stage can lead to extensive renovations or adjustments down the line, resulting in skyrocketing expenses. A professional architect possesses the foresight to anticipate and mitigate such issues, ensuring that the project stays true to budget and avoids unforeseen expenditures.
  • Realising the Vision:
  • Every homeowner carries a unique vision for their space. An architectural studio, especially one with a rich portfolio like ours, understands the intricacies of translating this vision into tangible reality. By liaising closely with the client, an architect ensures that the final output aligns seamlessly with the client’s aspirations, balancing both aesthetics and functionality.
  • Advocating for Sustainable Solutions:
  • As global awareness about the environment intensifies, there’s a growing emphasis on green building practices. A knowledgeable architect is well-versed in sustainable design solutions and can guide homeowners in making choices that not only benefit their living space but also contribute positively to the planet. From recommending low-carbon materials to incorporating natural light optimally, a professional can transform your space into an eco-friendly haven.
  • Navigating Regulatory Hurdles:
  • Construction and renovation projects often entail dealing with local councils, adhering to building regulations, and obtaining necessary permissions. An established architect can deftly navigate these bureaucratic processes, ensuring that your project remains compliant with local regulations.

In conclusion, while the DIY route might seem enticing initially, the intricacies of home extensions, especially in the context of historic structures like Victorian homes, demand a seasoned hand. Hiring a professional architect is not just a choice; it’s an investment in quality, precision, and long-term value.

Rear extension of our Queen's Park House in North West London
Rear extension of our Queen’s Park House in North West London

2. The Classic Victorian Single-Storey Rear Extension:

The Victorian home, with its distinctive style and old-world charm, offers homeowners a canvas rich in history and elegance. However, as modern living and family needs evolve, many are seeking ways to enhance their space without sacrificing the architectural integrity of their homes. One such solution, which has seen a surge in popularity in recent years, is the single-storey rear extension.

  • Understanding the Appeal:
  • A primary lure of the single-storey rear extension is its ability to augment functional space without drastically altering the home’s façade. Most Victorian homes feature generous gardens at the rear, making it a viable option for homeowners to expand without encroaching on the original structure’s view of the street.
  • The Allure of Openness:
  • One of the standout features of this extension is the provision for a spacious kitchen. Modern homeowners often gravitate towards an open-plan kitchen and dining area, which becomes the heart of the home. Here, families can cook, dine, and socialise in a singular, cohesive space that overlooks the rear garden.
  • Illuminating Design:
  • A hallmark of these extensions is their emphasis on light. By incorporating glazed doors that lead directly to the garden, there’s an immediate connection between the indoors and outdoors. Furthermore, strategically placed rooflights, flood the space with natural sunlight during the day, and at night, they can offer glimpses of the moon on a clear night.
  • Design Flexibility:
  • When embarking on such a project, homeowners face the delightful dilemma of choosing between design continuity or a stark contrast. For those keen on maintaining the vintage allure, materials like red brick or reclaimed tiles can seamlessly integrate the extension with the existing structure. On the other hand, those desiring a more contemporary style might opt for sleek glass facades or eco-friendly, low-carbon materials, offering a juxtaposition of the old with the new.
  • Environmental and Aesthetic Balance:
  • Modern construction materials not only offer aesthetic appeal but can also cater to today’s eco-conscious homeowner. Low-carbon materials and sustainable building techniques ensure that while the extension looks striking, it also treads lightly on the environment.
  • Enhancing Garden Interplay:
  • Given the proximity to the garden, this extension allows homeowners to get creative with outdoor spaces. Be it a patio, a decked area for al fresco dining, or terraced landscaping, there’s an opportunity to create a seamless flow from the indoor to the outdoor.

In summary, the Victorian single-storey rear extension is more than just an addition to one’s home. It’s a harmonious blend of history and modernity, functional space and aesthetics, indoors and outdoors. Whether one opts for a design that aligns with the history of the house or one that boldly claims its place in the present, this extension promises to enrich the Victorian dwelling experience.

3. Elevating the Elegance: The Double-Storey Rear Extension:

The allure of Victorian homes is often encapsulated by their detailed craftsmanship and rich history. However, with growing families and evolving needs, space can become a precious commodity. The double-storey rear extension emerges as an eloquent answer to such challenges, delivering not just more room, but also a canvas for architectural innovation.

  • Delving into the Double-Storey Appeal:
  • The intrinsic value of a double-storey extension lies in its sheer volume. Where a single-storey may offer a generously spaced kitchen or living area, a two-storey variant adds the luxury of additional bedrooms, bathrooms, or even a study. This adaptability makes it a top choice for homeowners looking to amplify their space without relocating.
  • Preserving the Frontage:
  • Much like its single-storey counterpart, the double-storey extension focuses on the rear, ensuring the iconic Victorian facade remains untouched. This is particularly beneficial for homes within conservation areas, where preserving the historical aesthetic is not just preferred but often mandatory.
  • Design Dichotomy:
  • The world of double-storey extensions is rife with design possibilities. The avant-garde enthusiast might lean towards steel frames, large glass panes, and minimalist aesthetics, juxtaposing the old with the ultra-modern. Alternatively, the purist might choose to extend the Victorian narrative, employing reclaimed bricks, ornate window frames, and period-specific detailing to ensure a seamless integration.
  • Navigating the Planning Labyrinth:
  • With larger extensions come greater responsibilities. Especially in regions with houses that are locally listed or in designated conservation areas, planning permissions can be intricate. Here’s where the invaluable expertise of a professional architect comes into play. Not only can they guide homeowners through the bureaucratic maze, but their experience can also preempt potential design pitfalls, ensuring smoother project execution.
  • Conservation Considerations:
  • In areas where historical preservation is paramount, the challenge is twofold: aligning with regulations and retaining the home’s character. A seasoned architect will be well-versed in striking this balance, ensuring that the extension, while modern in its functionality, pays homage to its Victorian roots.
  • Embracing the Environment:
  • Beyond aesthetics and functionality, the modern homeowner often seeks sustainability. With newer materials and construction methodologies, double-storey extensions can be energy-efficient and environmentally friendly, reducing carbon footprints without compromising on style.
  • The Financial Factor:
  • While a two-storey extension invariably represents a larger investment than a single-storey alternative, it’s crucial to view this in terms of long-term gains. Not only does it significantly enhance living space, but it can also substantially elevate property value, offering a favourable return on investment when done right.

In conclusion, the double-storey rear extension is a testament to architectural evolution within the Victorian home framework. It’s an ode to the past while embracing the needs of the present. With the right guidance, homeowners can elevate their living experience, blending history, luxury, and modernity in a harmonious architectural symphony.

The side extension at our Burrows Road Glazed Envelope in Kensal Rise, NW London
A side extension at our Burrows Road Glazed Envelope in Kensal Rise, NW London

4. Capitalising on the Side Potential: The Side Return Extension

The Victorian era, though renowned for its aesthetic grandeur, also left us with a legacy of architectural quirks. Among them is the side return – a narrow strip of outdoor space adjacent to the ground floor, often underused or sometimes relegated to a mere passage. However, as urban living demands continue to evolve, the side return is increasingly being recognised for its untapped potential, offering homeowners a unique opportunity to add both space and value.

  • The Underestimated Side Return:
  • Traditionally, this elongated space was a residual design feature, separating the main house from the boundary wall and leading towards the rear garden. Its slender dimensions might seem restrictive, but with the right architectural insight, it holds transformative possibilities.
  • The Architectural Vision:
  • Reimagining the side return requires an innovative mind. It’s not merely about adding square footage but about reshaping the very dynamics of the ground floor. By bridging the gap between the existing structure and the boundary, homeowners can seamlessly weave together old and new spaces.
  • The Functional Facelift:
  • One of the most popular implementations of the side return extension is to expand existing spaces like kitchens. Imagine a previously cramped kitchen now flowing effortlessly into a spacious, light-filled area, complete with a dining nook or a cosy sitting area. But the potential doesn’t end there; these extensions can pave the way for a dedicated utility or a home office, a hobby room, or even a workshop for the creatively inclined.
  • Fusing Design Elements:
  • Given its positioning, a side return extension offers an interesting design challenge. On one hand, it’s an appendage to the original structure, and on the other, it interfaces with the garden or outdoor space. This unique position means homeowners can experiment with glazed panels, sliding doors or skylights, ensuring a synergy between the indoors and outdoors, while flooding the new space with natural light.
  • Planning and Permissions:
  • Much like other extensions, the side return project necessitates navigating the intricacies of local planning permissions. It’s crucial, particularly in conservation areas or listed buildings, to ensure the new addition respects architectural guidelines while enhancing the property’s overall aesthetic.
  • Economical and Efficient:
  • Capitalising on the side return often represents a more economical way to add space compared to more significant rear or loft extensions. Being smaller, it can be quicker to construct, yet its impact on the property’s usability and value can be profound.
  • Green Opportunities:
  • Modern construction techniques and sustainable materials can turn the side return extension into a beacon of energy efficiency. Incorporating features like green roofs, rainwater harvesting, and optimal insulation can make the space both functional and low-energy.
  • A Seamless Transition:
  • A well-executed side return extension not only augments space but ensures continuity. It’s a delicate balance to strike – honouring the Victorian heritage while infusing modern design elements, creating a space that feels both timeless and contemporary.

In summary, the side return, while seemingly modest, can redefine a home’s spatial narrative. With meticulous planning, a touch of creativity, and an understanding of the home’s historical context, this overlooked space can be transformed into one of the property’s most cherished assets.

5. Two-Storeys to the Side – Dream Bigger:

When it comes to extending your home, the possibilities are limited only by your imagination and, of course, local regulations. While single-storey extensions can undoubtedly be transformative, they might leave you craving for even more space. That’s where the double-storey side extension comes into play, offering you the opportunity to dream bigger and truly revolutionise your living space. This chapter explores the myriad possibilities that a two-storey side extension presents, and why it’s essential to collaborate with a sustainable architect for a project of this magnitude.

Expanding Your Horizons:

The allure of a double-storey side extension lies in its potential to bring about significant change to your home. Whether you want to enlarge your kitchen, create an additional bedroom, or craft a spacious home office, the possibilities are vast. This level of expansion is particularly advantageous for detached or semi-detached houses, where there is often room to grow without compromising on your outdoor space.

Navigating Boundaries and Considerations:

Before you embark on your two-storey extension journey, there are crucial considerations to bear in mind. Boundary lines and neighbourhood considerations play pivotal roles in the success of your project. These considerations are not only a matter of legal compliance but also a matter of being a considerate neighbour.

Discussing with Neighbors:

One of the first steps in planning your double-storey side extension should be engaging in discussions with your neighbours. Open and transparent communication can go a long way in maintaining good relations throughout the construction process. Sharing your plans and intentions with your neighbours can help address any concerns they may have, and it’s an opportunity to foster a sense of community. It’s also worth considering any potential disruptions to their lives during the construction phase and being willing to find solutions that benefit both parties.

The Role of Sustainable Architects:

When undertaking a project of this scale, it’s crucial to enlist the expertise of a sustainable architect. Sustainable architects are professionals who are well-versed in environmentally friendly building practices, energy efficiency, and the use of sustainable materials. Their input can help ensure that your extension not only meets your aesthetic and functional requirements but also aligns with modern sustainability standards.

Sustainable architects can assist you in various ways:

  • Energy Efficiency: They can design your extension to maximise natural light and ventilation, reducing your reliance on artificial lighting and heating or cooling systems.
  • Material Selection: Sustainable architects can recommend eco-friendly materials that have lower environmental impact and longer lifespans, contributing to the longevity of your home.
  • Green Technology: They can integrate renewable energy sources like solar panels or heat pumps, reducing your carbon footprint and energy bills.
  • Local Regulations: Sustainable architects are well-versed in local building regulations related to sustainability. They can ensure your project complies with these standards.
  • Cost Efficiency: While sustainability can have an initial cost, it often pays off in the long run through reduced utility bills and increased property value. Experienced architects can help you make informed decisions that balance upfront costs with long-term benefits.

In conclusion, a two-storey side extension represents a significant opportunity to enhance your living space and increase the value of your property. However, it’s essential to approach this project with careful planning, neighbourly consideration, and the expertise of a sustainable architect to create a space that not only meets your needs but also contributes to a more sustainable future. Dream bigger, but do it responsibly and sustainably with the guidance of professionals who understand the importance of harmonising modern living with environmental consciousness.

A wraparound extension at our Kempe Road Oriel project in Queen's Park, NW London
A wraparound extension at our Kempe Road Oriel project in Queen’s Park, NW London

6. Wraparound Extensions:

If you’re seeking to elevate your home to a new level of magnificence and functionality, the concept of wraparound extensions should undoubtedly be on your radar. By extending two adjoining sides of your house, you can gift your home with added space and charm that seamlessly blends indoor and outdoor living. In this chapter, we explore the wonders of wraparound extensions, emphasising their capacity to enhance your living space and energy efficiency through the expertise of a sustainable architect.

The Magic of Wraparound Extensions:

Wraparound extensions take the concept of home expansion to a whole new level. They involve extending both a side of your house and the rear simultaneously, creating a continuous flow of space that adds substantial square footage to your living area. One of the significant advantages of a wraparound extension is that it can provide the illusion of a much larger home without compromising your garden access.

Seamless Indoor-Outdoor Living:

One of the most enchanting aspects of wraparound extensions is their ability to seamlessly connect your indoor and outdoor spaces. These extensions often feature large, strategically placed windows and sliding glass doors that flood your living area with natural light and offer breathtaking views of your garden. This harmony between indoor and outdoor living not only enhances your quality of life but also adds to the overall appeal of your home.

The Sustainable Edge:

Now, let’s talk about the sustainable aspect of wraparound extensions. To make your project truly remarkable and eco-friendly, it’s crucial to collaborate with a sustainable architect. Here’s how their expertise can make a difference:

  • Energy Efficiency: Sustainable architects are well-versed in designing spaces that maximise energy efficiency. They can incorporate passive solar design principles, ensuring that your home captures and retains heat during the winter while staying cool in the summer. This reduces your reliance on heating and cooling systems, which are not only environmentally friendly but also save you money on energy bills.
  • Green Materials: These professionals are knowledgeable about sustainable building materials. They can guide you in selecting eco-friendly options that have minimal environmental impact, are durable, and contribute to a healthier indoor environment.
  • Renewable Energy Integration: Sustainable architects can design your wraparound extension to accommodate renewable energy sources such as solar panels or wind turbines. This not only reduces your carbon footprint but can also lead to energy cost savings in the long term.
  • Water Management: They can help you implement rainwater harvesting systems and sustainable landscaping practices, ensuring that your garden remains lush and green without excessive water usage.
  • Local Regulations: Sustainable architects are well-versed in local building regulations related to sustainability. They can ensure that your wraparound extension complies with these standards, avoiding any potential legal issues.

In conclusion, wraparound extensions offer a unique opportunity to transform your home, both aesthetically and functionally. By collaborating with an experienced sustainable architect, you can take your project to the next level by prioritising energy efficiency, eco-friendly materials, and sustainable design principles. As you gift your home with added magnificence and space, you can also gift the planet with a more sustainable and environmentally conscious living space.

A fire-rated timber and glazed screen at our Kempe Road Oriel project in Queen's Park, NW London
A fire-rated timber and glazed screen at our Kempe Road Oriel project in Queen’s Park, NW London

7. Modern Interiors within Victorian Walls:

When it comes to revamping the interiors of a Victorian-era home, the task may seem daunting. You may wonder how to infuse modern comfort and convenience without forsaking the timeless charm that Victorian architecture exudes. In this chapter, we delve into the art of merging modern interiors within those beautifully aged Victorian walls. We’ll explore how to seamlessly integrate modern technology, blend Victorian details with contemporary elements, and craft a unique and harmonious style that epitomises modern Victorian design.

Preserving Victorian Charm:

The allure of Victorian homes lies in their historical charm, characterised by intricate mouldings, ornate fireplaces, and high ceilings. The first rule of modernising these interiors is to respect and preserve the essence of the Victorian era. This means carefully restoring and maintaining original features while incorporating modern elements that complement rather than clash with the heritage of the space.

Contemporary fireplace in the front reception room of a Victorian terrace house in Queen's Park, NW London
Contemporary fireplace in the front reception room of a Victorian terrace house in Queen’s Park, NW London

A Symphony of Technology and Tradition:

Modern technology has become an integral part of our lives, and integrating it into a Victorian home may initially seem like a challenge. However, it can be done with finesse. Consider installing discreet smart home systems that allow you to control lighting, heating, and security without disrupting the Victorian aesthetics. Concealed wiring and technology hubs can keep the charm intact while providing modern convenience at your fingertips.

Blending Victorian and Contemporary:

The heart of modern Victorian design lies in the successful marriage of two seemingly contrasting styles. Victorian details, such as decorative cornices and intricate wall panels, can be paired with contemporary furnishings, creating a captivating visual contrast. For example, a sleek, minimalist sofa can coexist harmoniously with an ornate Victorian coffee table, resulting in a space that tells a story of both past and present.

Muted Palettes to Avant-Garde Furnishings:

Modern Victorian interiors are versatile and can cater to a wide range of design preferences. Whether you prefer a muted and understated palette that accentuates the elegance of the Victorian architecture or you’re drawn to bold, avant-garde furnishings that make a statement, Victorian homes offer a canvas for your creative vision.

The Lofty Spaces Advantage:

Victorian homes often boast lofty spaces, with high ceilings and generously sized rooms. These spacious interiors provide a perfect backdrop for modern design concepts. You can experiment with open-plan layouts, large windows that invite natural light, and innovative storage solutions that make the most of the generous room dimensions.

Bringing It All Together:

In essence, modernising the interiors of a Victorian home is about striking a delicate balance between preserving history and embracing progress. It’s about making technology work for you while retaining the elegance of the past. It’s about merging Victorian opulence with contemporary functionality to create a space that’s uniquely yours.

Remember that there’s no one-size-fits-all approach to modern Victorian design. Your home should reflect your personal style and preferences. Whether you lean towards a fusion of old and new or a seamless blend of Victorian and contemporary, the possibilities are as endless as your imagination.

So, whether you’re drawn to the muted palettes that showcase the Victorian charm or you want to experiment with avant-garde furnishings that add a modern twist, the lofty spaces of Victorian homes stand ready to accommodate a myriad of modern design concepts. Embrace the best of both worlds, and let your modern Victorian interior be a testament to the timeless beauty of design evolution.

Bethany discussing Herbert Paradise with our Client
Bethany discussing Herbert Paradise in our studio in Maida Vale

8. Financial Considerations: Budgeting for Your Dream Extension:

Undertaking a refurbishment or extension project is an exciting venture that can significantly enhance your living space and property value. However, it’s important to approach this endeavour with careful financial planning to ensure that your dream extension doesn’t turn into a financial nightmare. In this chapter, we will explore the key financial considerations involved in budgeting for your dream extension, from understanding potential costs to leveraging valuable resources like online build cost calculators and local insights.

Understanding the Scale of Investment:

The cost of refurbishing and extending your home can vary widely based on several factors, including the scale of the project, the materials used, and the location of your property. Small-scale renovations may start at around £35,000, while larger, more ambitious projects can range from £150,000 to £375,000 or more. Understanding the scale of your investment is the first step in creating a realistic budget.

Local Labour Costs and Material Prices:

Local labour costs and material prices are crucial determinants of your project’s budget. Labour costs can vary significantly from one region to another, and it’s essential to obtain quotes from reputable local contractors to gauge the costs accurately. Additionally, the choice of materials, fixtures, and finishes will impact your budget. Research local suppliers and prices to make informed decisions about the materials you want to use in your extension.

Accurate and Up-to-Date Information:

To avoid unpleasant financial surprises during your project, it’s vital to gather accurate and up-to-date information about construction costs in your area. Keep in mind that these costs can fluctuate over time due to factors such as inflation, changes in building regulations, or shifts in the availability of materials and labour. Staying informed about these changes will help you maintain control over your budget.

The Role of Budgeting:

Budgeting is the cornerstone of any successful home renovation or extension project. Start by creating a detailed budget that outlines all anticipated expenses, including construction costs, permissions, design fees, and contingency funds for unexpected costs that may arise. Be sure to set aside a portion of your budget for professional fees, such as architects and consultants, as their expertise is invaluable in ensuring a smooth project.

Leveraging Online Build Cost Calculators:

In the digital age, there are valuable online resources available to homeowners planning construction projects. Online build cost calculators can help you estimate the cost of your extension based on factors like location, size, and the level of finish you desire. While these tools provide rough estimates, they can serve as useful starting points for your budgeting process.

Local Insights and Recommendations:

Don’t underestimate the power of local insights and recommendations. Consult with friends, family, or neighbours who have undertaken similar projects in your area. They can provide valuable advice on contractors, suppliers, and potential cost-saving measures. Local experts, such as architects and builders, can also offer insights tailored to your specific location and project requirements.

Contingency Planning:

Even with meticulous planning, it’s wise to set aside a contingency fund of around 10% to 20% of your total budget. This buffer can cover unexpected expenses, such as structural issues discovered during construction or design changes that arise along the way. Having a contingency fund in place ensures that you can navigate unforeseen challenges without derailing your project or stretching your finances beyond comfort.

In conclusion, budgeting for your dream extension is a critical aspect of turning your vision into reality. By understanding the potential costs, researching local prices, and leveraging online tools and local insights, you can create a realistic budget that aligns with your goals and helps you achieve your dream renovation or extension without financial stress. Careful financial planning is the key to ensuring that your project becomes a cherished addition to your home and not a source of financial stress.

Mill Hill House, a low energy new build home, in North London
Mill Hill House, a low energy new build home, in North London

9. Emphasising Sustainability and Low Carbon Footprints:

In today’s world, where climate change is a pressing global concern, every choice we make, including how we approach home renovations and extensions, holds significance. Embracing sustainability and minimising carbon footprints isn’t just an architectural trend; it’s a moral and environmental imperative. In this chapter, we’ll explore the importance of sustainability in your dream extension project, from selecting eco-friendly materials to collaborating with sustainable architects, and how these choices reflect forward-thinking and responsibility towards the planet.

The Urgency of Sustainability:

Climate change is a formidable challenge that demands collective action. The built environment, including homes and extensions, plays a substantial role in carbon emissions. Therefore, choosing to embark on a sustainable extension project is a meaningful step towards reducing your carbon footprint and mitigating the impact of climate change.

Low Energy and Low Embodied Carbon Designs:

Sustainable extensions prioritise low energy consumption and low embodied carbon. Low-energy designs focus on reducing the energy required for heating, cooling, and lighting, ultimately decreasing utility bills and greenhouse gas emissions. Low embodied carbon designs consider the environmental impact of the materials used, from their extraction to manufacturing and transportation. Opting for materials with lower embodied carbon contributes to a more sustainable building industry.

Eco-Friendly Material Selection:

Selecting materials with a minimal environmental footprint is a fundamental aspect of sustainable extensions. Sustainable materials can include reclaimed wood, recycled metal, low-VOC (volatile organic compound) paints or clay plaster, and sustainable wood products certified by organizations like the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC). These materials not only help preserve natural resources but also create healthier indoor environments.

Energy-Efficient Appliances and Systems:

Incorporating energy-efficient appliances and systems into your extension is another crucial step towards sustainability. High-efficiency Mechanical Ventilation & Recovery systems (like MVHR), LED lighting, and smart thermostats can significantly reduce your energy consumption and long-term operational costs. Moreover, these choices align with the growing emphasis on eco-conscious living.

The Role of Sustainable Architects:

Collaborating with sustainable architects is paramount when prioritising sustainability in your extension project. Sustainable architects are experts in designing spaces that reduce environmental impact and promote eco-friendly living. Their contributions include:

  • Passive Design: Sustainable architects incorporate passive design principles that maximise natural light, ventilation, and thermal comfort, reducing the need for artificial heating or cooling.
  • Renewable Energy Integration: They can design your extension to accommodate renewable energy sources such as solar panels or wind turbines, decreasing your reliance on fossil fuels.
  • Material Selection: Sustainable architects recommend environmentally responsible materials that have lower embodied carbon and adhere to sustainability certifications.
  • Local Regulations: They are well-versed in local building regulations related to sustainability, ensuring your project complies with these standards.
  • Lifelong Sustainability: Sustainable architects design for the long term, creating spaces that are adaptable and can evolve with changing needs, reducing the need for future renovations.

In conclusion, emphasising sustainability and reducing carbon footprints in your dream extension isn’t just a matter of architectural preference; it’s a vital contribution to a more sustainable future. From eco-friendly material choices to energy-efficient systems and the expertise of sustainable architects, every decision you make during your extension project can be a testament to your commitment to forward-thinking and environmental responsibility. By embracing sustainability, you not only enhance the value and comfort of your home but also play a significant role in addressing the global climate crisis.

Light House in Clapham, South London

10. The Final Part of the Journey:

The culmination of your journey from envisioning an extension to witnessing it materialise is an intricate and deeply satisfying moment. It’s a journey filled with countless decisions, meticulous budget considerations, and a myriad of design choices. However, with the right blend of professional guidance, a commitment to sustainable practices, and a vision that embraces modern design principles, you have the potential to transform your beloved Victorian home into a contemporary masterpiece.

The Complexity of the Journey:

The process of breathing new life into your Victorian home is akin to crafting a symphony – a harmonious blend of history, aesthetics, and functionality. It involves navigating through a maze of choices, each contributing to the final opus. From architectural designs that respect the past while embracing the future to selecting materials that balance heritage and sustainability, every step is a note in the composition of your dream home.

Professional Guidance – Your North Star:

One of the fundamental keys to a successful transformation is professional guidance. Seek out architects and contractors who understand the delicate dance between Victorian charm and modern innovation. Collaborating with these experts ensures that your vision remains grounded in reality while pushing the boundaries of design and functionality.

Sustainability as a Guiding Principle:

In a world where environmental responsibility is paramount, infusing your extension project with sustainable practices is more than a choice; it’s a moral imperative. Sustainable design isn’t merely a trend; it’s a commitment to the well-being of our planet. From energy-efficient heating and cooling systems to the use of locally sourced and eco-friendly materials, your Victorian gem can evolve into a beacon of sustainability, proving that old-world elegance can coexist harmoniously with modern ecological consciousness.

The Elegance of Modern Design:

Modern design principles offer boundless opportunities to elevate your Victorian home. Open-concept living, minimalist aesthetics, and the seamless integration of technology can breathe new life into your space without overshadowing its historical character. It’s a delicate dance that requires a keen eye for balance, and when executed with finesse, it transforms your home into a contemporary masterpiece.

An aerial view of Queen's Park, NW London, showing rows and rows of Victorian terrace houses
An aerial view of Queen’s Park, NW London, showing rows and rows of Victorian terrace houses

Embracing the Transformation:

The final blueprint is not just about physical plans on paper; it’s a blueprint for the future. It’s a testament to your vision, your respect for history, and your dedication to sustainability. It’s an embodiment of the journey you undertook, from the first seed of inspiration to the final part of the design. It’s a celebration of the fusion of past and present, where the elegance of Victorian architecture seamlessly intertwines with the innovations of contemporary living.

In conclusion, the transformation of your Victorian house into a contemporary masterpiece is an intricate, yet immensely rewarding, journey. It’s a journey that celebrates the past, respects the present, and paves the way for a sustainable future. With the right blend of professional guidance, sustainable practices, and modern design principles, you can achieve a remarkable synthesis of history and innovation. Your home can become a testament to your vision, a sanctuary of beauty, and a tribute to the enduring charm of Victorian architecture, all while embracing the ideals of the modern world.

How RISE Design Studio can help you

RISE Design Studio is a London-based RIBA chartered architecture practice with offices in Maida Vale. With a dedicated focus on proven design and planning strategies, and expertise in residential extensions, conversions and new build homes, we help homeowners to create somewhere they enjoy living in and landowners and developers achieve ROI-focused results.

If you would like to talk through your project with the team, please do get in touch at mail@risedesignstudio.co.uk or give us a call at 020 3290 1003

RISE Design Studio Architects company reg no: 08129708 VAT no: GB158316403 © RISE Design Studio. Trading since 2011.

Housing Retrofit and the Quest for Airtightness: An Architect’s Guide

What is airtightness? 

Here, I aim to give you a deeper understanding of what airtightness is, combining theory with the practicalities we’ve encountered working on the many low-energy retrofit and new build projects we’ve completed.

Image of Proclima Intello tape used for airtightness on this timber frame house
Proclima Intello tape uses for airtightness on this timber frame house

Chapter 1: Introduction, The Airtightness Imperative

In today’s age of sustainability, the topic of energy efficiency has steadily climbed the agenda of architects, builders, and homeowners alike. Notably, airtightness has emerged as a paramount concern, given its direct correlation with energy loss. Older homes, with their dated construction methods and less effective materials, have historically struggled with energy loss due to air leakage. However, as construction methods have modernised, the magnitude of the problem has only grown more apparent.

1.1 The Evolution of Housing and Energy Loss

To understand the significance of airtightness in contemporary construction, we must first look back. Historically, the construction of homes was more ‘breathable’, primarily due to the materials and techniques employed. These houses, while charming, often had gaps, cracks, and other points of air leakage. The result? Approximately 20% of energy, predominantly from space heating, would be lost due to these imperfections.

However, as society became more environmentally conscious, the methods of construction evolved. Modern homes became insulated havens with double or triple-glazed windows, improved wall insulation, and advanced heating systems. As these improvements reduced other methods of heat loss, the proportion of energy loss attributed to ventilation drastically increased. Today, it’s estimated that ventilation contributes to 35-40% of a home’s energy loss.

1.2 The Modern Paradigm

While our forebears might have been more accepting of a drafty home, modern homeowners are not. Rising energy costs, the push for green technologies, and the demand for energy-efficient homes have highlighted the importance of airtightness. It’s no longer sufficient to slap on a layer of insulation and call it a day. Every joint, seam, and intersection in a building needs scrutiny.

1.3 The Comprehensive Approach to Airtightness

A comprehensive approach to airtightness doesn’t simply focus on sealing gaps. It requires a multi-faceted strategy that includes:

  • Material Selection: Using advanced materials that inherently reduce air leakage.
  • Construction Techniques: Employing methods that emphasise the airtight sealing of a building’s envelope.
  • Mechanical Systems: Implementing controlled ventilation systems, ensuring fresh air intake without energy loss.
  • Regular Maintenance and Checks: As buildings settle and age, potential problem areas might emerge. Routine checks ensure that a building remains as airtight as the day it was constructed.

In conclusion, as the architectural and construction industries continue to progress, the airtightness imperative will remain central to the dialogue. The benefits, ranging from reduced energy costs to a lower carbon footprint, make it clear that this is not just a trend but a necessary evolution in the way we build and inhabit spaces.

image of A typical Victorian property in Queen's Park, North West London
A typical Victorian property in Queen’s Park, North West London

Chapter 2: What is Airtightness and Why is it Crucial?

The notion of airtightness might initially conjure images of sealed containers or vacuum chambers. However, when it comes to the built environment, this term carries a nuanced significance. Airtightness has come to the forefront of architectural discourse, not merely as a buzzword, but as an indispensable criterion for modern design.

2.1 Defining Airtightness

At its core, airtightness speaks to a building’s capacity to prevent unintended air exchange with its surroundings. This doesn’t mean a space void of fresh air, but rather, an environment where the inflow and outflow of air are meticulously controlled. This is measured in terms of air permeability, which quantifies the volume of air (in cubic metres) that leaks per hour through each square metre of the building’s external envelope under specific test conditions.

2.2 The Implications of Air Leakage

When a building is not airtight, it falls prey to the unpredictable whims of the environment. During colder months, warmth from the interior might escape, while in summer, the heat could intrude. This inconsistent interchange:

  • Compromises Indoor Comfort: Rooms may feel draughty or have fluctuating temperatures.
  • Increases Energy Consumption: As heating or cooling systems work overtime to compensate for the loss or gain of heat, energy usage escalates.
  • Elevates Utility Costs: With energy consumption on the rise, utility bills can also see a noticeable uptick.

2.3 Airtightness: A Pillar of Modern Architecture

For an avant-garde design studio such as ours, the principles of airtightness are not just checkboxes in a compliance sheet. They represent the ethos of 21st-century architecture:

  • Sustainability: With the global push towards eco-consciousness, reducing the carbon footprint of buildings has become paramount. Airtight buildings play a significant role in this pursuit.
  • Innovation in Design: Modern architecture seeks not just to appease the eye but also to push the boundaries of what’s possible. Incorporating airtightness solutions challenges designers to innovate and redefine building norms.
  • Holistic Building Performance: Contemporary design recognises that aesthetics and functionality are two sides of the same coin. Airtightness, thus, contributes to a building’s overall performance, enhancing occupants’ comfort and well-being.

2.4 Ensuring Airtightness: An Integral Phase

Ensuring a building is airtight is not an afterthought—it’s an intrinsic part of the design and construction process. This involves:

  • Detailed Designing: Right from the drafting table, potential air leakage points are identified and mitigated.
  • Material Specification: Using advanced membranes, sealants, and insulation which help in achieving the desired airtightness levels.
  • On-site Verification: Employing tools like blower door tests to measure and verify the airtightness of a constructed space.

In summary, as the construction landscape evolves, understanding and emphasising airtightness remains pivotal. It is not just about conforming to standards but sculpting spaces that resonate with the needs and aspirations of our times.

Image showing airtightness membranes and specialised seals around ductwork and wires
01 Taping of membrane overlapping to underside of ceiling / 02 Airtightness taping around joist ends / 03 Airtightness membrane at the underside of a ceiling with taping around web-joists and other junctions / 04 Airtight membranes installed prior to the installation of internal studwork 05 Specialised seals around ductwork 06 Specialised seals around penetration for wires. Image credit: Passivehouse Plus

Chapter 3: Modern vs. Older Homes: A Comparison

When delving into the domain of building construction and airtightness, it’s tempting to believe that advancements in technology and design inherently make modern homes superior to their older counterparts in every aspect. However, this isn’t always the case, especially when examining airtightness. Contrary to popular belief, some contemporary homes might fall short in this arena when compared to older structures.

3.1 The Architectural Evolution Over Time

The architectural journey, over decades, has been marked by evolving aesthetic preferences, changing materials, and innovations in construction techniques. Historically:

  • Older Homes: They were often constructed with dense, solid materials, like brick and stone, which naturally provided a certain level of airtightness. The simpler design patterns, with fewer joints and breaks in the structure, minimised air leakage points. Ventilation was usually provided by natural draughts through less refined windows and doors.
  • Modern Homes: These epitomise a blend of complex designs, large glazed areas, and a vast array of materials. While they offer numerous advantages, the complexity can introduce numerous potential points of air leakage if not meticulously managed.

3.2 The Paradox of Modern Construction

Modern buildings are not inherently flawed, but the challenges they pose in terms of airtightness include:

  • Varied Workmanship: The quality of construction can fluctuate significantly due to diverse workmanship standards, potentially creating inconsistent airtightness levels across different buildings or even different parts of the same building.
  • Complex Assemblies: Modern homes often feature intricate design elements—such as larger windows, complex junctions, and multiple material transitions—that can introduce vulnerabilities if not sealed appropriately.
  • Rapid Construction: The drive to complete buildings quickly can sometimes lead to an oversight in ensuring airtightness.

3.3 Lessons from the Past

While older homes might lack many of the modern amenities and technological advancements, their approach to airtightness, albeit unintentional, offers lessons:

  • Simplicity: Fewer joints and breaks mean fewer potential leak points. Modern designs can aim for a balance between aesthetic complexity and airtight simplicity.
  • Use of Natural Materials: Traditional construction often leveraged materials that inherently provided good insulation and airtight properties. Revisiting some of these materials could be beneficial.

3.4 Striking the Right Balance

For the forward-thinking homeowner, architect or builder, the key lies not in choosing between old and new but in harmoniously blending the strengths of both:

  • Informed Design Choices: Marrying the aesthetic appeal of modern designs with principles that enhance airtightness.
  • Quality Control: Ensuring that the workmanship standards are consistently high across all stages of construction.
  • Continuous Innovation: Integrating new technologies and materials that offer better airtightness solutions without compromising on design.

In conclusion, while the dichotomy between modern and older homes presents unique challenges, it also provides a rich tapestry of insights. Embracing the best of both worlds can lead to spaces that are not only visually compelling but also functionally superior in terms of airtightness.

Image showing diagram showing Windtight and Airtight layers as well as thermal bridge free construction and super insulation
Diagram showing Windtight and Airtight layers as well as thermal bridge free construction and super insulation

Chapter 4: Current Standards and Achievements

The realm of building and construction, particularly when it comes to airtightness, is a dynamic field. Regulations and standards are set to maintain a certain quality level and ensure energy efficiency. Yet, as the industry evolves, so does the challenge of consistently meeting these established standards. The Building Regulations 2022 is a testament to such an ambition, but how does it fare in practical scenarios?

4.1 An Overview of Building Regulations 2022

The Building Regulations 2022 is a cornerstone for construction standards in the UK:

  • Airtightness Standard: One of its regulations is the airtightness of buildings, setting the bar at 10 m3/hr/m2. This benchmark is founded on the principles of energy conservation, comfort, and sustainability.
  • Part L1A of the Building Regulations stipulates the baseline requirements for testing at a threshold value of 10m³/hr/m². However, the rate often required to achieve the TER is considerably lower.
  • In most designs, values ranging from 4 to 6m³/hr/m² are utilised. With meticulous attention to the details during the construction phase, these rates can be easily met. Once the construction is finalised, the actual air leakage rate is ascertained through on-site testing.
  • High-performance constructions, like Passivhaus homes, often consistently record rates lower than 1m³/hr/m².
  • All new homes must undergo testing upon completion, with two specific exceptions: 01: If an identical construction has been completed by the same builder within the previous year and has satisfactorily passed an airtightness test. 02: When a high default value of 15m³/hr/m² is applied in the SAP assessment.
  • If you wish to circumvent the uncertainty of on-site testing, an air leakage rate of 15 can be selected. This rate is akin to having a sizeable window left open during the test, thus eliminating the need for testing entirely. However, this would necessitate substantial countermeasures like extra-thick insulation amongst others.

4.2 Dissecting the Survey Findings

A survey targeting 100 contemporary homes brought some revealing insights:

  • Startling Figures: While standards project a certain level of airtightness, approximately 33% of these homes didn’t even achieve the set benchmark. Such a deviation is a cause for concern, indicating a potential disconnect between regulatory standards and on-ground execution.
  • Variability in Construction: Even within modern constructions, there was a vast variance in airtightness levels. While some exceeded the standards, others lagged woefully behind.

4.3 Impediments to Achieving the Standard

Several factors contribute to this noticeable disparity:

  • Knowledge Gap: Not all builders and contractors might be fully versed in the nuances of the airtightness standards, leading to unintentional oversights during construction.
  • Workmanship Consistency: As previously discussed, variability in workmanship quality can result in different airtightness levels.
  • Cost Factors: Achieving high levels of airtightness might involve additional costs in terms of materials and labour. Some builders might cut corners to stay within budgets.
  • The Complexity of Modern Designs: Advanced architectural designs can inadvertently introduce challenges in maintaining airtightness.

4.4 The Way Forward: Bridging the Gap

While the current scenario isn’t entirely bleak, there’s an evident need for course correction:

  • Awareness Campaigns: Construction industry stakeholders, including architects and builders, need periodic updates and training on the importance and techniques of achieving airtightness.
  • Robust Inspection Mechanisms: Regular and rigorous inspections during and after construction can help identify potential lapses and rectify them timely.
  • Feedback Loops: Learning from projects that failed to meet the standards can provide invaluable insights for future constructions.
  • Rethinking Standards: It might be beneficial to revisit the standards themselves periodically, ensuring they are in sync with current technologies, materials, and construction practices.

In summation, while standards like the Building Regulations 2022 provide a fairly solid foundation (but does need to be improved considerably due MVHR only being efficient when airtightness is below 7 m3/hr/m2), their real-world implementation demands continuous monitoring and adaptation. Only through concerted efforts from all industry stakeholders can the aspiration of optimal airtightness in every home be achieved and improved.

Airtightness test at our Red Brick House in Willesden, North West London

Chapter 5: Key Areas of Concern: Common Air Leakage Points

When aiming for optimal airtightness in buildings, it’s crucial to identify and address potential weak points where air leakages might occur. These weak points, often arising from various construction phases or oversight, can significantly compromise the energy efficiency of a structure. Our on-site experiences have illuminated some of the most recurrent areas of concern.

5.1 Gaps around Window Frames, Doors, and Floor Joists

  • The Issue: Improper sealing or alignment of windows and doors often leads to discernible gaps, while floor joists can sometimes be overlooked in terms of insulation and sealing.
  • The Solution: Utilising high-quality sealants, ensuring precise fittings, and opting for insulated frames can effectively mitigate these issues. Further, insulation between floor joists can restrict air flow and enhance thermal efficiency.

5.2 Hollow Sections in Suspended Floors or Walls

  • The Issue: These sections can act as conduits for unwanted airflow due to cavities created during construction or as a design feature.
  • The Solution: Proper insulation within these hollow sections or using solid construction techniques can reduce or eliminate such air pathways.

5.3 Cracks in Masonry or Gaps Behind Plasterboards

  • The Issue: Natural settling of buildings or subpar masonry can result in cracks. Similarly, improperly installed plasterboards can leave air pockets.
  • The Solution: Regular building inspections can help identify these issues early on. Filling cracks with appropriate sealants or mortar and ensuring flush plasterboard installations can address these concerns.

5.4 Areas Around Pipes, Vents, Heating Systems, and Electrical Fixtures

  • The Issue: These installations often require openings in walls, floors, or ceilings. If not sealed correctly, they can become significant sources of air leakages.
  • The Solution: Using gaskets, sealants, or specially designed collars around these installations can ensure a tight fit and minimise air infiltration.

5.5 The Imperative of Meticulous Inspection

Ensuring airtightness is not merely about addressing the obvious points of leakage but also about conducting thorough and regular inspections:

  • Proactive Identification: Regular inspections, especially post-construction and during maintenance phases, can spot potential problem areas before they escalate.
  • Leveraging Technology: Tools like thermal imaging cameras can visually pinpoint areas of air leakage, making the task of sealing and repair more targeted.
  • Skilled Professionals: Engaging professionals with expertise in building diagnostics can lead to more accurate identification of leakage points and suitable solutions.

In summary, while contemporary construction offers numerous advantages, it also brings its own set of challenges. By understanding and addressing common air leakage points, we can significantly improve the energy efficiency and comfort levels of a building. Meticulous inspection, combined with preventive and corrective measures, ensures that our structures stand the test of time and utility.

Image showing Airtightness Test at Red Brick House, North London, showing the blower door test being set up
Airtightness Test at Red Brick House, North London, showing the blower door test being set up

Chapter 6: The Airtightness Barrier: An Architect’s Tool

The airtightness barrier often likened to an invisible shield, plays a pivotal role in modern architectural design. Its essence lies in ensuring that a structure remains as impervious to unwanted air infiltration and exfiltration as possible, preserving energy efficiency and promoting a comfortable interior environment. But what is this barrier, and how can architects integrate it seamlessly into their designs?

6.1 Understanding the Airtightness Barrier

  • Definition: The airtightness barrier isn’t just a single layer or component. Instead, it’s a holistic system, encompassing a variety of materials and techniques, all working in unison to prevent unwanted airflow. This might include membranes, tapes, sealants, and gaskets.
  • Functionality: Beyond just preventing air leakage, this barrier also ensures the controlled exchange of air. This means that while uncontrolled air leakage is minimised, ventilation systems can operate more efficiently, ensuring good indoor air quality.

6.2 Integration at the Design Stage

  • Holistic Approach: Rather than being an afterthought, the airtightness barrier must be integrated right from the conceptual stage of design. This ensures that the barrier complements structural and aesthetic elements rather than hindering them.
  • Flexible Solutions: Depending on the building type, purpose, and location, the specifics of the barrier can vary. Thus, architects need to tailor the barrier to each project’s unique needs.

6.3 Key Considerations for Architects

  • Material Selection: Architects should opt for durable and resilient materials for the barrier, considering the local climate, potential exposure conditions, and desired lifespan of the structure.
  • Seamless Transitions: Where different materials or building components meet, there’s a heightened risk for air leakage. Architects should design in such a way that these transitions are meticulously sealed and guarded against potential breakages.
  • Incorporating Ventilation: While the objective is to minimise uncontrolled air leakage, architects must also plan for controlled ventilation, like Mechanical Ventilation Heat Recovery (MVHR). This ensures fresh air exchange without compromising the efficiency of the barrier.

6.4 Future Innovations and Adaptations

  • Technology-Driven Solutions: As building technology evolves, architects can leverage advanced tools and software to simulate and test the efficacy of their airtightness barrier designs.
  • Continuous Learning and Upgradation: The world of architecture is in perpetual evolution. By staying attuned to emerging best practices and novel materials, architects can continually refine their approach to airtightness.

In conclusion, the airtightness barrier is an indispensable tool in the architect’s arsenal. It not only upholds the energy efficiency and comfort of a building but also accentuates the importance of forward-thinking, sustainable design. By weaving this barrier seamlessly into the fabric of their designs, architects are able to create structures that stand as testimonies to both form and function.

Image of Visible smoke used during the Door Blower test to detect leakages in the building fabric
Visible smoke used during the Blower Door test to detect leakages in the building fabric

Chapter 7: Developing an Airtightness Strategy: From the Drawing Board to the Site

The art of crafting a building that stands against the onslaught of uncontrolled airflow is no mean feat. An airtight building is not just about integrating specific materials but encapsulating a vision that spans from initial sketches to the very last brick. The journey is intricate, demanding a blend of foresight, strategy, and concerted teamwork.

7.1 Setting Clear Performance Targets

  • Benchmarks and Metrics: Every successful airtightness strategy commences with well-defined targets. By stipulating specific air leakage rates or other measurable benchmarks, the project sets clear expectations from the outset.
  • Adherence to Regulations: While setting targets, it’s imperative to align with existing building regulations and guidelines, ensuring that the building not only meets but exceeds industry standards.

7.2 Leveraging Performance-based Specifications

  • Material and Component Selection: Using performance-based specifications means that materials and components are chosen based on their ability to meet the desired performance criteria, rather than just their inherent characteristics.
  • Continuous Assessment: Regular performance evaluations during construction ensure that the project remains on track and that any discrepancies can be addressed promptly.

7.3 Ensuring Stakeholder Alignment

  • Workshops and Training: It’s pivotal that everyone involved, from masons to electricians, is on the same page. Hosting workshops or training sessions can help familiarising teams with the airtightness strategy.
  • Regular Communication: Open lines of communication between teams can facilitate the identification and resolution of potential airtightness challenges. Frequent meetings, updates, and feedback sessions can prove beneficial.

7.4 The Role of the ‘Airtightness Champion’

  • Duties and Responsibilities: The Airtightness Champion is not just a title. This person is tasked with overseeing the entirety of the airtightness strategy, from monitoring material procurement to ensuring quality control on-site.
  • Bridging the Design-Construction Gap: One of the pivotal roles of the Airtightness Champion is to ensure a seamless transition of the airtightness vision from design to construction, eliminating ambiguities or misinterpretations.
  • Advocacy and Awareness: This champion also plays an educational role, advocating for best practices, introducing new techniques, and ensuring all members understand the importance of airtightness.

7.5 Iterative Refinement and Feedback

  • Post-Construction Analysis: Once a project is completed, a thorough analysis can provide insights into what worked and areas of improvement. This feedback can then inform future projects.
  • Incorporating Technological Tools: Tools such as blower door tests or thermal imaging can offer real-time data during construction, facilitating adjustments in the airtightness strategy as needed.

In summary, creating an airtight building is a symphony of precise strategy, unwavering focus, and harmonious teamwork. It’s about setting clear visions, arming oneself with the right tools, and ensuring every hand that touches the project does so with airtightness in mind. With such a holistic approach, the resulting structures not only stand firm against air leakages but also serve as benchmarks for others to emulate.

image of Blower Door Test being set up at our Red Brick House in Willesden, North West London to test airtightness
Blower Door Test being set up at our Red Brick House in Willesden, North West London

Chapter 8: Practical Steps to Achieving Airtightness

Airtightness is as much about tangible measures as it is about theory. Successful integration of airtightness in a building requires attention to detail, a deep understanding of materials, and rigorous processes. Here, we delve into some of the hands-on steps we’ve employed to translate our airtightness strategy into concrete outcomes.

8.1 The Imperative of Air Barriers

  • Characteristics of Ideal Barriers: The crux of airtightness lies in choosing barriers that are impermeable to airflow, continuous across junctions, and durable over time. Whether it’s a vapour barrier or a more rigid material, ensuring its continuity is essential to prevent leakages.
  • Positioning and Installation: Air barriers must be placed in areas where they won’t be compromised by subsequent building processes or later modifications.

8.2 Sealing Laps in Membranes

  • Material Selection: Specialised tapes and adhesives are imperative for ensuring the tightness of joins in air barrier membranes. Opting for high-quality materials that adhere well and remain effective over time is vital.
  • Technique: Correct lapping, typically overlapping the upper layer over the lower one, ensures that any water moving downwards doesn’t penetrate the barrier.

8.3 Window, Door, and Fixture Sealing

  • High-Quality Sealants: Using premium-grade sealants, which offer long-lasting protection against the elements, is paramount.
  • Attention to Detail: This involves not just the external perimeter but also areas like window and door sills, which can often be overlooked. Ensuring full perimeter sealing can drastically reduce air leakage.
  • Insulation: Beyond sealing, effective insulation of these openings, using products like expanding foam, can further enhance airtightness, but care must be taken when using expanding foam as studies have found that the foam can degrade over time creating air leakages.

8.4 Addressing Services in External Walls and Floors

  • Seal Service Penetrations: All service conduits, whether for electricity, water, or gas, must be meticulously sealed at the point they penetrate external barriers. This can be achieved using collars, grommets, or specific sealants.
  • Regular Inspection: Over time, seals can degrade or become compromised. Regular inspections can ensure any wear and tear is promptly addressed.

8.5 Airtight Light Fittings and Redundancy Measures

  • Lighting Considerations: Opting for airtight light fixtures ensures that the integrity of ceilings isn’t compromised. Where traditional fittings are used, additional sealing measures might be needed.
  • Unused Areas: Features like unused fireplaces can become significant sources of air leakage. Installing chimney balloons or draught-proofing measures can effectively block these off.

In conclusion, achieving airtightness is a meticulous process, requiring a blend of the right materials, expert techniques, and regular quality checks. By committing to these practical steps, we bring the theory of airtightness to life, crafting structures that are not only energy-efficient but also resilient against the elements.

Chapter 9: The Crucial Role of Testing in Airtightness

Achieving airtightness is not a matter of mere assumption or theory. It’s a tangible quality, measurable and quantifiable, and this is where testing comes into play. Comprehensive testing serves as a confirmation of our design and construction practices and provides invaluable insights into potential improvements.

9.1 The Essence of Air Testing

  • Objective Measurement: Airtightness tests offer a quantitative assessment, translating the efficacy of our strategies into measurable metrics. This allows us to assess if we have met or exceeded the set airtightness standards.
  • Timely Detection: By integrating testing at various stages of construction, from the initial phases to the final touches, we can swiftly pinpoint and rectify areas that aren’t meeting the desired standards.

9.2 Techniques and Tools: From Smoke Sticks to Pressure Tests

  • Smoke Sticks: A basic yet highly effective technique, smoke sticks or pencils emit visible smoke that gets drawn towards areas of air ingress. This not only visually demonstrates the leakage points but also offers an immediate way to gauge the severity of the issue.
  • Blower Door Test: This is a more comprehensive technique, involving the use of a powerful fan to depressurise the building. By measuring the rate at which air flows into the structure to equalise the pressure, this test provides an accurate measure of the building’s overall airtightness.
  • Thermal Imaging: Infrared cameras can detect differences in temperature caused by air leakages. This visual method is particularly useful in large structures or in conditions where other methods might be less effective.

9.3 Proactive Addressing of Issues

  • Immediate Rectifications: Once a leakage point is detected, immediate steps can be taken to address the issue. This might involve additional sealing, repairs, or even redesigning certain components.
  • Iterative Testing: After making necessary modifications, the area or the building can be re-tested to ensure that the remediation has been effective.

9.4 The Broader Impact of Testing

  • Ensuring Compliance: Regular testing ensures that our buildings are compliant with the latest regulatory standards, protecting stakeholders from potential legal implications and ensuring the building’s occupants reap the full benefits of an airtight structure.
  • Building Confidence: Regular testing instils confidence in both our team and our clients. It demonstrates our commitment to quality, precision, and energy efficiency.

It’s evident that testing is not just a regulatory necessity but an architect’s ally. It offers a clear pathway, turning the abstract concept of airtightness into a concrete achievement. With each test, we come closer to perfecting our understanding of the intricate dance between design, materials, and construction in creating airtight buildings.

Chapter 10: Airtightness Standards: An Overview

Navigating the realm of architectural design and construction without a thorough understanding of prevailing airtightness standards is akin to sailing without a compass. These standards, often instituted by reputed bodies and research organisations, form the foundation for modern sustainable building practices.

10.1 The Evolution of Airtightness Standards

  • Historical Context: The recognition of the importance of airtightness is not a recent phenomenon. Over the decades, as our understanding of energy efficiency grew, so did the push for more stringent standards. Initially focused on mere conservation, today’s standards strive for holistic sustainability.
  • Current Trends: As technology and construction methodologies advance, so do the benchmarks. Today, the push is not just for airtightness but also ensuring that buildings have effective ventilation, striking a balance between energy conservation and indoor air quality.

10.2 Key Organisations and Their Contributions

  • British Standards Institute (BSI): As the national standards body of the UK, the BSI plays a pivotal role in formulating airtightness standards. Their guidelines are comprehensive, covering aspects from material selection to construction techniques, and serve as a reference point for many professionals in the industry.
  • Building Research Establishment (BRE): BRE, with its extensive research and consultancy in the built environment, provides invaluable insights and recommendations. Their studies often inform the evolution of standards, ensuring they are rooted in empirical evidence and practical experience.

10.3 Interpreting the Standards: Beyond the Jargon

  • Quantitative Benchmarks: Most standards provide specific numerical values that buildings should adhere to. These might pertain to the permissible air leakage rates, insulation levels, or the efficacy of ventilation systems.
  • Qualitative Guidelines: Apart from numbers, standards often offer qualitative advice, covering best practices, potential pitfalls, and recommendations for various construction scenarios.
  • Case Studies and Examples: Many standards, especially those by research bodies like BRE, also provide real-world case studies. These examples offer a practical perspective, illustrating how the standards translate in real-world scenarios.

10.4 The Global Perspective

  • International Standards: While the UK has its unique standards, it’s crucial to be aware of international benchmarks, especially when working on projects with global stakeholders or in different countries. Organisations like the International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO) provide guidelines that often influence or align with national standards.
  • Adapting to Local Context: While standards provide a general framework, each building project has its unique context. It’s essential to adapt these guidelines considering local conditions, materials available, and specific project requirements.

In summary, while airtightness standards can initially seem overwhelming, they are invaluable tools in the architect’s arsenal. By staying updated, understanding the rationale behind these standards, and applying them judiciously, architects and builders can ensure that their creations are not just aesthetically pleasing but also environmentally responsible and sustainable.

Image showing Some popular airtightness membranes include: 01 Pro Clima Intello I 02 Ampatex / 03 Isover Vario / 04 Medite Smartply ProPassiv airtight OSB / 05 Blowerproof liquid airtight paint / 06 Airstop Diva Forte
Some popular airtightness membranes include: 01 Pro Clima Intello I 02 Ampatex / 03 Isover Vario / 04 Medite Smartply ProPassiv airtight OSB / 05 Blowerproof liquid airtight paint / 06 Airstop Diva Forte. Image credit: Passivehouse Plus

Conclusion: Airtightness – The Architectural Keystone of Tomorrow

In the vast expanse of architectural elements, airtightness, once perhaps seen as a mere footnote, has steadily grown in stature. The burgeoning focus on sustainability, climate change mitigation, and the inexorable drive for energy efficiency, has placed airtightness at the very heart of contemporary building design and construction.

The Holistic Impact of Airtightness
Airtightness isn’t an isolated discipline; it has a domino effect. Enhanced airtightness in buildings not only conserves energy but also elevates indoor air quality, reduces energy bills, and diminishes the carbon footprint of the structure. It’s a singular solution with multifaceted benefits.

Adapting to a Changing Climate
The global climate crisis mandates swift and effective responses. Buildings, as significant consumers of energy, play a colossal role in either exacerbating or alleviating this crisis. Airtightness is one of the primary solutions within our grasp that can help transform the energy profile of our structures, making them more resilient and less demanding on our planet’s finite resources.

The Cultural Shift in Architectural Design
Beyond the hard metrics of energy savings and carbon reduction, there’s a cultural evolution at play. Homeowners, builders, and stakeholders are increasingly educated about the virtues of airtight design. As this cultural shift continues, architects and designers are in a prime position to lead the narrative, ensuring that airtightness isn’t just a technical specification but a central ethos.

The Road Ahead
There will undoubtedly be challenges. New materials, evolving technologies, and ever-changing regulations will keep the architectural and construction industries on their toes. But with challenge comes opportunity. The commitment to airtightness represents an opportunity to reimagine the buildings of tomorrow, creating structures that are harmonious with their environment, efficient in their function, and exemplary in their design.

In the final analysis, airtightness is more than a technical requisite; it’s a testament to our collective responsibility. It’s about crafting buildings that don’t just stand as monuments to our creativity but as symbols of our commitment to a sustainable future. As we stand on the precipice of architectural evolution, addressing airtightness isn’t just a choice – it’s an imperative for the generations to come.

If you would like to talk through your project with the team, please do get in touch at mail@risedesignstudio.co.uk or give us a call on 020 3290 1003

RISE Design Studio Architects company reg no: 08129708 VAT no: GB158316403 © RISE Design Studio. Trading since 2011.

The Future of London’s Historic Houses: Revitalising the Old with EnerPHit Refurbishments

Our journey in refurbishing London’s historic homes has led us to embrace the EnerPHit refurbishment strategy. This methodology guides us in revitalising older buildings to meet modern efficiency standards, and crucially, aligns with the government’s ‘2050 net-zero‘ carbon emissions target. In this article, we describe how we can upgrade the existing housing stock using EnerPHit methods.

Chapter 1: Understanding the Peculiarities of London’s Historical Housing Stock

London is adorned with a rich tapestry of architectural history – a city where centuries-old Victorian, Georgian, and Edwardian properties rub shoulders with sleek modern buildings. This interweaving of past and present not only enhances the city’s charm but also contributes to its distinct visual and community identity. However, these heritage buildings often underperform in terms of thermal efficiency and are not prepared to meet the challenges of our changing climate.

Queen's Park House in Queen's Park, NW London, which included upgrading the existing walls with internal wall insulation.
Queen’s Park House in Queen’s Park, NW London, which included upgrading the existing walls with internal wall insulation.

Chapter 2: Bridging the Past and Future: The Challenge of Energy Efficiency

To reduce our carbon footprint and limit global heating to 1.5 degrees, we must address the deficiencies in these older homes’ thermal design. Often, these buildings are about 3 times less thermally efficient than their contemporary counterparts that meet current building regulations standards. Therefore, it’s crucial to employ modern construction techniques that uphold the character of these historic properties while improving their energy performance.

Chapter 3: Retrofitting London’s Historic Homes with EnerPHit Standards

EnerPHit, a term combining ‘energy’ and the ‘Passive House’ (Passivhaus) concept, offers an effective strategy for overhauling these old structures. Like an insulated flask, an EnerPHit-compliant building retains the right temperature with minimal need for active cooling or heating. Achieving this requires a concerted approach involving well-insulated building envelopes, high-performing windows, efficient ventilation systems, airtight construction, and the elimination of thermal bridges.

Chapter 4: An Architect’s Guide to Implementing EnerPHit Principles

The transition to energy-efficient homes may seem daunting, especially when dealing with older properties. However, with thoughtful planning and a commitment to sustainable design, it’s possible to enhance energy performance while retaining the structure’s unique character. The crucial aspect here is understanding how the five fundamental EnerPHit requirements can be integrated into each project.

The five EnerPHit requirements are:

  • High levels of insulation — either internal or external, although internal needs more care in terms of moisture risk
  • High-performance triple-glazed windows and external doors
  • Careful consideration of window installation
  • An airtightness reading of 1.0
  • Mechanical Ventilation with Heat Recovery (MVHR) system

Micro-generation of power, like Solar PVs, can be added to increase the low-energy nature of the home.

Chapter 5: EnerPHit Certification: A Holistic Approach to Refurbishment

EnerPHit certification offers a comprehensive framework for refurbishing existing buildings. It promotes a comprehensive understanding of the built environment, allowing architects to identify ‘easy wins’ for energy savings. The certification process can also be phased to accommodate complex refurbishment projects.

Chapter 6: The Importance of Precise Evaluation and Data Analysis

Before diving into design and construction, it’s essential to thoroughly understand the current state of the building. This understanding relies heavily on data, including quantitative analysis of condensation levels, and thermal imaging, as well as qualitative assessments of structural conditions and notable features. The data gathered will help architects identify suitable solutions to mitigate energy wastage and prevent further decay.

Ice Cream House in Hampstead, North London, has been designed using EnerPHit methods including high levels of insulation, high-performance glazing, airtightness, MVHR, ASHP and Solar PVs.
Ice Cream House in Hampstead, North London, has been designed using EnerPHit methods including high levels of insulation, high-performance glazing, airtightness, MVHR, ASHP and Solar PVs.

Chapter 7: Case Study: The Ice Cream House Refurbishment

A practical example of an EnerPHit refurbishment project is our Ice Cream House located in Camden’s conservation areas. The homeowners sought to revamp the 1890s property to suit their contemporary lifestyle. Recognising the opportunity to add long-term environmental value, we applied EnerPHit standards in designing the extensions and internal modifications.

Chapter 8: Tying Old and New: The Role of Material Selection

The Ice Cream House refurbishment not only improved the energy performance but also harmonized old and new elements. The existing building envelope, initially a solid brick skin, was updated with low embodied carbon materials like internal insulation and clay plaster finishes. High-performance double-glazing windows with FSC timber insulated frames were installed for the sash windows, further boosting the house’s energy efficiency.

MVHR ducting at Herbert Paradise in Kensal Rise, NW London
MVHR ducting at Herbert Paradise in Kensal Rise, NW London

Chapter 9: MVHR and Renewable Energy Integration

To ensure superior indoor air quality, a mechanical ventilation heat recovery (MVHR) system was implemented across the entire property. The MVHR system expels stale air while retaining most of the heat, thereby enhancing energy efficiency. An air source heat pump (ASHP) was also added to satisfy residual energy demands post-renovation as well as Solar Photovoltaic Panels on the rear outrigger roof, helping to edge the property towards a ‘net zero’ state.

An 8 Panel 340W Solar PV System at Ice Cream House in Hampstead, North London
An 8 Panel 340W Solar PV System at Ice Cream House in Hampstead, North London

Chapter 10: The Future of Historical Properties: Balancing Heritage and Sustainability

As we look to the future, retrofitting older properties with EnerPHit principles is no longer an option but a necessity. The challenge, however, lies in achieving a delicate balance between preserving the character and heritage of these buildings and introducing the essential elements of modern, energy-efficient design. Just as our predecessors strived for homes that reflected their time, we too must work towards creating homes that will serve the needs of future generations. To accomplish this, architects must commit to sustainable refurbishment practices.

In conclusion, the road to ‘net-zero 2050’ requires a radical rethink of our approach to the existing housing stock. As architects, we have a unique role in shaping this transformation. It’s time we step up and embrace the change, preserving the past while preparing for the future.

Aerial view of Queen's Park, North West London, with the city centre in the background
Aerial view of Queen’s Park, North West London, with the city centre in the background

Frequently Asked Questions

1. What does ‘net-zero 2050’ mean?

‘Net-zero 2050’ is a target set by many governments, including the UK, to achieve net-zero carbon emissions by the year 2050. This means that by 2050, the amount of greenhouse gases produced will be balanced by the amount removed from the atmosphere, effectively reducing our impact on climate change.

2. What is the EnerPHit refurbishment strategy?

EnerPHit is a strategy for retrofitting existing buildings to drastically reduce their overall energy demand. This is achieved by implementing standards used in Passive House (Passivhaus) construction, which include a well-insulated building envelope, strategic window placement, efficient heat recovery and ventilation systems, an airtight envelope, and avoidance of thermal bridges.

3. What is the Passive House concept?

The Passive House (Passivhaus) concept refers to a rigorous, voluntary standard for energy efficiency in a building. This reduces its ecological footprint, resulting in ultra-low-energy buildings that require little energy for heating or cooling. EnerPHit is the term used when these standards are applied to existing buildings.

4. How can EnerPHit refurbishment address thermal efficiency in older homes?

EnerPHit refurbishment can drastically improve thermal efficiency in older homes by addressing issues such as airtightness, insulation, and ventilation. By implementing EnerPHit principles, these homes can retain warmth during colder months and stay cool during warmer ones, significantly reducing their energy demand and carbon emissions.

5. How is EnerPHit certification achieved?

EnerPHit certification involves a thorough and holistic evaluation of the building. This includes measuring functions like primary energy demand and assessing the performance of components such as windows, doors, and ventilation systems. It also takes into account the building’s existing fabric and allows for phased works to be completed over time.

6. What is the role of data in EnerPHit refurbishments?

Data plays a vital role in understanding a building’s current condition before refurbishments. It allows for a quantitative analysis of aspects like condensation levels, and thermal imaging, as well as qualitative assessments of structural conditions and unique features. This information guides architects towards proven solutions to mitigate energy wastage and further decay.

7. How do materials selection impact EnerPHit refurbishments?

Materials play a critical role in the EnerPHit refurbishment process. The choice of materials can greatly influence the building’s thermal performance, airtightness, and overall sustainability. Using low embodied carbon materials, such as internal wood-fibre insulation, clay plaster and timber structure (as opposed to steel), can help reduce a building’s overall carbon footprint.

8. How does a Mechanical Ventilation Heat Recovery (MVHR) system function?

An MVHR system extracts stale air from a building while retaining most of the heat. The heat exchanger in the system transfers internal heat from outgoing air to incoming fresh external air. This helps maintain indoor air quality, provides a constant fresh air supply, and increases energy efficiency.

9. What is an Air Source Heat Pump (ASHP), and how does it contribute to energy efficiency?

An ASHP is a device that absorbs heat from the outside air and uses it to heat water for space heating. This process continues to work even when the external temperature is as low as -15° C. An ASHP can significantly contribute to a building’s energy efficiency by meeting the residual energy demands after a full renovation.

10. How does the EnerPHit refurbishment strategy balance heritage and sustainability in older buildings?

EnerPHit refurbishment focuses on upgrading a building’s energy performance while preserving its unique characteristics. This involves sensitive upgrades that maintain the building’s aesthetic and historical value, like replacing old components with high-performing replicas, while improving insulation, airtightness, and ventilation for increased energy efficiency. This delicate balance between heritage and sustainability ensures that the historical integrity of the property is maintained while it meets modern-day energy requirements.

If you would like to talk through your project with the team, please do get in touch at mail@risedesignstudio.co.uk or give us a call on 020 3290 1003

RISE Design Studio Architects company reg no: 08129708 VAT no: GB158316403 © RISE Design Studio. Trading since 2011.

What is EnerPHit? Is it right for my home retrofit project?

EnerPHit aims to achieve similar levels of energy efficiency as Passivhaus for retrofitted buildings. In this guide, I will provide you with a comprehensive overview of EnerPHit, its requirements, the benefits it offers, and the considerations you need to keep in mind if you are planning a retrofit project.

EnerPHit vs. Passivhaus

While Passivhaus standards are primarily applied to new builds, EnerPHit focuses on retrofitting existing properties. Retrofit refers to a form of renovation aimed at significantly reducing energy consumption and improving the thermal performance and comfort of a home. Unlike Passivhaus, which can start from a blank canvas, retrofitting involves working with existing buildings where many elements like geometry, orientation, and structural approach are already predetermined. Additionally, retrofit projects may have thermal bridges (or cold bridges) that are challenging to eliminate completely.

The EnerPHit standard acknowledges these challenges and sets slightly lower performance requirements compared to Passivhaus, considering the limitations of retrofitting existing buildings. To meet the EnerPHit standards, a space heating and cooling demand of 25 kWh/m2/year is required (compared to the Passivhaus standard of 15 kWh/m2/year). Airtightness performance should achieve 1.0 air changes per hour (compared to the Building Regulations for new homes, which require between 5 and 15 air changes per hour). While achieving these standards may use more energy than Passivhaus, it still represents a significant improvement over most existing homes and even new builds.

Douglas House, Kensal Rise, North West London. Douglas House includes MVHR, high levels of insulation and airtightness
Douglas House, Kensal Rise, North West London. Douglas House includes MVHR, high levels of insulation and Airtightness and Solar PVs

Guidelines and Design Considerations

EnerPHit provides a benchmark for renovators to work towards. Similar to Passivhaus, the Passivhaus Planning Package (PHPP) design tool is used when designing an EnerPHit scheme. This tool helps deliver more efficient buildings by considering factors like orientation and geometry at an early design stage. The PHPP enables informed decision-making regarding retrofit measures, cost implications, and energy considerations.

It’s important to note that retrofitting is not an easy task, and achieving the EnerPHit standard requires careful planning and execution. The thermal and airtightness strategies are likely to be more complex and challenging on site compared to new builds. Balancing the pros and cons of internal or external insulation is a critical consideration, as well as addressing potential moisture issues that may arise from changing the building fabric. Undertaking an EnerPHit retrofit demands a skilled and knowledgeable design team that can navigate these complexities.

Retrofit Measures and Certification Process

When carrying out an EnerPHit retrofit, several measures are required to meet the standard. These include:

  • High levels of insulation, either internal or external (with internal insulation requiring more attention to moisture risk)
  • High-performance triple-glazed windows and external doors
  • Careful window installation
  • Achieving an airtightness reading of 1.0, and
  • Implementing a Mechanical Ventilation with Heat Recovery (MVHR) system.

To receive EnerPHit certification, the process is similar to working towards Passivhaus certification. The project must be designed using the PHPP and certified by an accredited Passivhaus certifier. While the products used in the retrofit do not need to be Passivhaus certified, having certified products, especially for MVHR equipment, can be beneficial.

To make EnerPHit retrofits more accessible, the Passivhaus Institute has introduced the EnerPHit Retrofit Plan, a step-by-step certification process that allows payments for certification to be made in stages. This helps with funding for retrofit projects and provides a structured approach to achieving certification.

Herbert Paradise, Kensal Rise, North West London. Includes MVHR, ASHP, Airtightness, Solar PV and high levels of insulation
Herbert Paradise, Kensal Rise, North West London. Includes MVHR, ASHP, Airtightness, Solar PV and high levels of insulation

Cost Considerations

The cost of an EnerPHit retrofit can vary depending on the complexity of the existing building. As a general guideline, budgeting around £800-£1,000 per square meter for deep retrofit/EnerPHit, excluding VAT, is advisable. When considering specific components or systems, expect to pay around £10,000 for an MVHR unit installed in an average-sized house and approximately £400-£600 per square meter for windows and doors. However, the major costs lie in labor, as the installation of insulation and airtightness measures is time-consuming and requires meticulous attention to detail.

Insulation and Retrofit Challenges

One of the significant challenges faced by retrofitters is determining the optimal placement of insulation to improve the energy efficiency of existing houses. Regardless of where the insulation is placed, it is likely to create some issues. Internal wall insulation, for example, raises concerns about condensation and mold growth. When insulation is added to the inside of a wall, it can make the wall colder and disrupt the balance that previously allowed moisture to evaporate. This can lead to trapped moisture within the new wall assembly.

The Society for the Protection of Ancient Buildings (SPAB) has highlighted the issue of interstitial condensation and conducted research to better understand when and where it may occur. While specific recommendations may vary, the general advice is to avoid internal wall insulation in very exposed locations with porous external surfaces, as it can interfere with moisture management. This advice applies to buildings of any era, not just ancient ones.

Douglas House, Kensal Rise, North West London. Douglas House includes MVHR, high levels of insulation and Airtightness and Solar PVs
Douglas House, Kensal Rise, North West London. Douglas House includes MVHR, high levels of insulation and Airtightness and Solar PVs

Is EnerPHit Right for Your Home?

Considering an EnerPHit retrofit makes the most sense when you are already planning renovation or remodeling work on your house. If you are contemplating changes to your home to improve energy efficiency, EnerPHit offers a compelling opportunity. For instance, when replacing the roof or windows, it becomes easier to justify investing in high-performance materials that align with the EnerPHit standards.

While an extension project may not be the ideal time for a retrofit, it provides an excellent opportunity to create a long-term whole house plan that integrates the extension seamlessly and ensures compatibility with future retrofitting efforts. Planning for an EnerPHit retrofit from the beginning can help you achieve high levels of comfort and thermal performance in your home.

Light House, Clapham, South London. Light House includes MVHR, high levels of insulation and Airtightness and Solar PVs

Conclusion

EnerPHit represents the pinnacle of energy-efficient retrofitting, aiming to bring existing properties to levels of energy efficiency comparable to Passivhaus standards. While retrofitting poses unique challenges compared to new builds, the EnerPHit standard provides guidelines and benchmarks for achieving exceptional performance. With careful planning, skilled design teams, and a comprehensive understanding of the complexities involved, EnerPHit retrofit projects can transform existing properties into low energy and low embodied carbon homes.

By adhering to the principles of EnerPHit and working towards certification, you ensure rigorous quality assurance, airtightness performance, and adherence to the design objectives. While EnerPHit retrofit costs can vary depending on the complexity of the project and project location, the long-term benefits of improved energy efficiency, comfort, and reduced carbon emissions make it a worthwhile investment for homeowners looking to create sustainable living spaces.

So, if you’re considering renovating your home with the goal of achieving high levels of comfort and thermal performance, now is the time to plan for an EnerPHit retrofit. Embrace the challenge, work with knowledgeable professionals, and unlock the potential of your existing property to become an energy-efficient haven that aligns with your sustainability goals.

If you would like to talk through your project with the team, please do get in touch at mail@risedesignstudio.co.uk or give us a call on 020 3290 1003

RISE Design Studio Architects company reg no: 08129708 VAT no: GB158316403 © RISE Design Studio. Trading since 2011.

Brent Design Awards 2023 Winners

We’re absolutely delighted that the Lexi Cinema extension and refurbishment has received two awards, the People’s Choice as well as the Heritage & Culture, at the first Brent Design Awards last Thursday.

The Lexi Cinema & Hub has won two awards at the inaugural Brent Design Awards
The Lexi Cinema & Hub won two awards at the Brent Design Awards in May 2023

Huge thanks also to our amazing client, the Lexi Cinema team, the Contractor CBC Design & Build, all consultants involved and Brent Council for organising what was a truly impressive awards evening. Many congrats to John StilesNatasha Reid FRSAAlice Lester MBE and Ciara Whelehan for pulling this off – a fantastic achievement.

Aerial view of Screen 2 at The Lexi Cinema, Kensal Rise, NW London
Aerial view of Screen 2 at the back of the original Lexi Cinema, Kensal Rise, North West London

Inspiring and humbling speeches by Councillor Shama Tatler, Councillor Muhammed Butt and Councillor Krupesh Hirani.

The Lexi Cinema: the first cinema screen in the UK to use MVHR and Air to Air Source Heat Pump to control the internal climate of one of its screening rooms. 💨 ♻️

Sean, Director at RISE Design Studio, and Muhammed Butt, Leader of Brent Council, at the awards ceremony
Sean, Director at RISE Design Studio, and Muhammed Butt, Leader of Brent Council, at the awards ceremony

It is London’s only social enterprise cinema, located in Kensal Rise. A treasured asset within the local community, The Lexi Cinema tasked us with revitalising a 99 sqm parcel of vacant land in the rear car park of the existing Edwardian gabled brick theatre.

Following a successful two-year fundraising campaign including grants from the Brent Neighbourhood Community Infrastructure Levy, a contribution of £50,000 from Sadiq Khan’s community fund, and local donations, RISE Design Studio submitted a planning application backed by 1,210 local signatories, and construction began in July 2020. 🎬👷🏾‍♀️

Sean and Imran, Directors at RISE, with Muhammed Butt Leader of Brent Council
Sean and Imran, Directors at RISE, with Muhammed Butt Leader of Brent Council

Situated in a residential neighbourhood 🏘, The Lexi Hub’s design needed to be approached with sensitivity, taking into account the houses neighbouring the site. This was not just an architectural task but a community endeavour; we envisioned an extension that mirrored the genuine care and regard for the community that local patrons have consistently shown towards The Lexi. 👨‍👩‍👦 👩🏽‍🎓👩🏼‍🍳 In order to minimise the new Lexi Hub’s visual bulk, we proposed a sunken extension, excavating 1.5 metres down. This ensures that the extension rises only 2 metres above the adjacent garden wall, whilst also allowing level access from the car park. This design strategy hides a foundation of reinforced concrete, including services, and robust acoustic and thermal insulation.

Rosie from The Lexi, Alice Lester MBE Operational Director Regeneration, Growth and Employment at London Borough of Brent and Sean, Director at RISE Design Studio
Rosie from The Lexi, Alice Lester MBE Operational Director Regeneration, Growth and Employment at London Borough of Brent and Sean, Director at RISE Design Studio

Key to the Client Brief were the Sustainable Strategies, which included Air-Air Source Heat Pump, Super-insulated walls and roof, Airtightness, Mechanical Ventilation with Heat Recovery, and Wildflower Sedum Green Roof.

The Lexi Cinema & Hub wins 2 Brent Design Awards 2023

Brent Design Awards 🙏🏾

We’re absolutely thrilled that the Lexi Cinema extension and refurbishment has received two awards, Heritage & Culture as well as the People’s Choice, at the inaugural Brent Design Awards last Thursday.

The Lexi Cinema & Hub has won two awards at the inaugural Brent Design Awards
The Lexi Cinema & Hub has won two awards at the inaugural Brent Design Awards

Thank you to all who voted for us in the People’s Choice Award, your support is very much appreciated.

Huge thanks also to our amazing client, the Contractor CBC Design & Build, all consultants involved and Brent Council for organising what was a truly impressive awards evening. Many congrats to John StilesNatasha Reid FRSAAlice Lester MBE and Ciara Whelehan for pulling this off – a fantastic achievement.

Aerial view of Screen 2 at The Lexi Cinema, Kensal Rise, NW London
Aerial view of Screen 2 at The Lexi Cinema, Kensal Rise, NW London

Humbling and inspiring speeches by Councillor Muhammed Butt, Councillor Shama Tatler and Councillor Krupesh Hirani.

The Lexi Cinema: the first cinema screen in the UK to use MVHR and Air to Air Source Heat Pump to control the internal climate. 💨 ♻️ 🎥 📽️

Sean, Director at RISE Design Studio, and Muhammed Butt, Leader of Brent Council, at the awards ceremony
Sean, Director at RISE Design Studio, and Muhammed Butt, Leader of Brent Council, at the awards ceremony

It is London’s only social enterprise cinema, located in Kensal Rise. A treasured asset within the local community, The Lexi Cinema tasked us with revitalising a 99 square metre parcel of vacant land in the rear car park of the existing Edwardian gabled brick theatre.

Following a successful two year fundraising campaign including grants from the Brent Neighbourhood Community Infrastructure Levy, a contribution of £50,000 from Sadiq Khan’s community fund, and local donations, The Lexi and RISE Design Studio submitted a planning application backed by 1,211 local signatories, and construction began in July 2020. 🎬👷🏾‍♀️

Sean and Imran, Directors at RISE, with Muhammed Butt Leader of Brent Council
Sean and Imran, Directors at RISE, with Muhammed Butt Leader of Brent Council

Located in a residential area 🏘, The Lexi Hub required a sensitive design approach to exercise consideration to the close neighbouring homes adjacent to the site. An exercise in community partnership, we conceptualised an extension that reciprocates the same care and thought for the community which is wholeheartedly shown to The Lexi by local patrons. 👨‍👩‍👦 👩🏽‍🎓👩🏼‍🍳We proposed a sunken extension, digging down 1.5 metres to reduce the new Lexi Hub’s massing, ensuring the extension sits only 2 metres above the neighbouring garden wall while also enabling level access from the car park. This strategy conceals a foundation of reinforced concrete, services and thick acoustic and thermal insulation.

Rosie from The Lexi, Alice Lester MBE Operational Director Regeneration, Growth and Employment at London Borough of Brent and Sean, Director at RISE Design Studio
Rosie from The Lexi, Alice Lester MBE Operational Director Regeneration, Growth and Employment at London Borough of Brent and Sean, Director at RISE Design Studio

Key to the Client Brief were the Sustainable Strategies, which included Super-insulated walls and roof, Airtightness, Mechanical Ventilation with Heat Recovery, Air-Air Source Heat Pump, Wildflower Sedum Green Roof.

Have you been yet?🍿Head down and check it out – run by volunteers with all profits going to charity.

A huge thank you to our wonderful client and project team for making it such a success:

  • Client: The Lexi Cinema
  • Architect: RISE Design Studio
  • Structural Engineer: CAR Ltd
  • Main Contractor: CBC Design & Build
  • Services Engineer: Enhabit
  • Sustainability Consultant: Kaspar Bradshaw
  • AV Consultant: Omnex Pro Film
  • Cinema Technical Specialist: Sammy Patterson
  • Screen + Projector Pod Specialist: Powell Cinema Engineers
  • Intruder Alarm Specialist: NSS Security Solutions
  • IT Specialist: Blashford IT Support
  • Landscape Consultant: Dan Shea Garden Designer
  • Acoustic Consultant: Munro Acoustics
  • Approved Building Inspector: Quadrant
  • Wayfinding Designer: Zalacain Wayfinding
Sean (RISE), Rosie (Lexi), Krupesh Hirani (London Assembly Member for Brent and Harrow), Imran (RISE), Iljaz (CBC) and Musa (CBC) at the Brent Design Awards
Sean (RISE), Rosie (Lexi), Krupesh Hirani (London Assembly Member for Brent and Harrow), Imran (RISE), Iljaz (CBC) and Musa (CBC) at the Brent Design Awards

If you would like to talk through your project with the team, please do get in touch at mail@risedesignstudio.co.uk or give us a call on 020 3290 1003

RISE Design Studio Architects company reg no: 08129708 VAT no: GB158316403 © RISE Design Studio. Trading since 2011.

An Architect’s Guide to Understanding Building Measurements

As an architecture studio, it is crucial to have a thorough understanding of building measurements, as they dictate how the final structure will look and function. In this blog, I will provide an in-depth look at the commonly used building measurements and their significance.

Image of The existing shell of the former Cricketers Club on Blandford Street, Marylebone, London which we converted to Carousel 1.0 - an award-winning creative hub home to a revolving line-up of guest chef collaborations, workshops, exhibitions and events
The existing shell of the former Cricketers Club on Blandford Street, Marylebone, London which we converted to Carousel 1.0 – an award-winning creative hub home to a revolving line-up of guest chef collaborations, workshops, exhibitions and events

Gross External Area (GEA):

The GEA is the entire area of a building taking into account all floors. It is crucial to know GEA to plan spaces efficiently, especially for large projects where every square foot/meter counts.

Inclusions:

  • Perimeter wall thickness and external projections.
  • Areas occupied by internal walls, regardless of their structural significance.
  • Columns, piers, chimney breasts, stairwells, lift wells, etc.
  • Lift rooms, plant rooms, tank rooms, fuel stores, whether above roof level or not.
  • Open-sided covered areas (should be stated separately).

Exclusions:

  • Open balconies, fire escapes, and covered ways.
  • Open vehicle parking areas, terraces, etc.
  • Minor canopies.
  • Areas with headroom under 1.5m (except under stairways).
  • Areas under the control of service or external authorities.

Note that party walls are measured to their centre lines and the areas of items excluded from GEA should be calculated and shown separately.

image of plan showing Gross External Area of Arches House in West Hampstead, North West London
Plan of Gross External Area (GEA) of Arches House in West Hampstead, North West London

Gross Internal Area (GIA):

The GIA is the total enclosed area within a building’s external walls, excluding the thickness of those walls. This measurement is vital for calculating usable floor space and is key for planning how to divide internal spaces effectively.

Inclusions:

  • Areas occupied by internal walls, partitions, and structural elements.
  • Service accommodation such as WCs, showers, and changing rooms.
  • Columns, piers, whether free-standing or projecting inwards from an external wall, chimney breasts, lift wells, stairwells etc.
  • Lift rooms, plant rooms, tank rooms, fuel stores, whether above roof level or not.
  • Open-sided covered areas (should be stated separately).

Exclusions:

  • Open balconies, fire escapes, and covered ways.
  • Open vehicle parking areas, terraces, etc.
  • Minor canopies.
  • Areas with ceiling height under 1.5m (except under stairways).
  • Areas under the control of service or external authorities.

Note that the areas excluded from GIA should be calculated and shown separately.

Identification of Separate Buildings:

It is essential to identify what constitutes a separate building when using GIA as it excludes the thicknesses of external walls but includes internal ones. Elements not united in a common form of construction are regarded as separate buildings. Contiguous elements of similar construction are treated as a single building if more than 50% of the party wall has been removed.

image of Plan showing Gross Internal Area (GIA) of Arches House in West Hampstead, North West London
Plan showing Gross Internal Area (GIA) of Arches House in West Hampstead, North West London

Net Internal Area (NIA):

NIA is the usable area within a building measured to the internal finish of the perimeter or party walls. It is essential for calculating how much space is available for specific uses within a building.

Inclusions:

  • Perimeter skirting, moulding, or trunking.
  • Kitchens.
  • Built-in units or cupboards (subject to height exclusion below).
  • Partition walls or dividing elements.
  • Open circulation areas and entrance halls, corridors, and atria.

Exclusions:

  • Toilets and associated lobbies.
  • Cleaners’ cupboards, lift rooms, boiler rooms, tank rooms, fuel stores, and plant rooms.
  • Stairwells, lift wells, parts of entrance halls, atria, landings, and balconies are used for essential access.
  • Corridors and other circulation areas used in common or of permanent essential nature.
  • Areas under the control of service or other external authorities.
  • Internal structural walls, columns, piers, chimney breasts, other projections, vertical ducts, etc.
  • Space occupied by permanent air conditioning, heating, or cooling apparatus renders the space substantially unusable.
  • Areas with headroom under 1.5m (should be shown separately).
  • Car parking areas (should be shown separately).

NIA: Common terms

  • Internal finish: The brick/blockwork or plaster coat applied to the brick/blockwork, not the surface of internal linings installed by the occupier.
  • Essential access: This does not include reception areas or areas within entrance halls, atria, and landings.
  • Permanent essential nature: Corridors excluded from NIA are of permanent essential nature, i.e., internal corridors between structural walls.
  • Structural walls: Load-bearing walls are essential for structural stability.
  • Partition walls: Ignored for measurement, except where defining excluded areas.
  • Heights and site area terms: Various height measurements and site area descriptions are crucial for understanding spatial dimensions and site characteristics.
Plan showing Net Internal Area (NIA) of Arches House in West Hampstead, North West London

Conclusion:

Understanding building measurements is a fundamental skill for architects. They play a significant role in designing energy-efficient structures and reducing carbon footprints. In a world grappling with environmental challenges, architects can make a difference by having a deeper understanding of the space requirements and impacts of sustainable technologies.

If you would like to talk through your project with the team, please do get in touch at mail@risedesignstudio.co.uk or give us a call on 020 3290 1003

RISE Design Studio Architects company reg no: 08129708 VAT no: GB158316403 © RISE Design Studio. Trading since 2011.

RISE Design Studio stands with MPs calling for the government to reduce VAT on green home improvements

RISE Design Studio, a small contemporary design-led architecture studio with 20 years of experience, is passionate about creating low-energy and low-embodied carbon designs. We believe in the power of sustainable architecture to combat climate change and create a better future for generations to come. That’s why we stand with MPs who are calling on the UK government to reduce VAT on green home improvements.

In an encouraging move, the UK government has announced its plan to scrap VAT on green home improvements for the next five years. Chancellor Rishi Sunak has expressed his intention to cut VAT to zero on solar panels, heat pumps, and insulation installed in British homes. While the details are yet to be clarified, including whether the VAT reduction covers installation or just materials and products, this initiative holds great potential. By making green home improvements more affordable, the reduced VAT will enable more people to enhance the energy efficiency of their homes.

Herbert Paradise, Kensal Rise, NW London. Undergoing complete transformation to become an exemplar of sustainable design for retrofitting a mid-terrace house.

The significance of this decision lies in the UK government’s legally binding commitment to reduce the country’s carbon emissions by 78% by 2035, compared to 1990 levels. This ambitious carbon reduction plan, the most progressive in the world, is a commendable step toward achieving Net Zero emissions by 2050. However, for this commitment to translate into tangible action, the government must implement measures that support and encourage green home improvements. Industry experts strongly urge the government to fulfil its promise by reducing VAT on such initiatives.

One crucial area that requires urgent attention is the high reliance on fossil fuels for heating UK homes. Astonishingly, over 90% of UK homes are heated using gas and oil, accounting for nearly 20% of the country’s carbon emissions. Surveys have shown that almost 80% of UK residents support renewable energy for electricity and heat. However, the adoption of renewable energy solutions has been slow, with only 36,000 heat pumps installed in the UK in 2020.

Red Brick House, Willesden, NW London. An extensive renovation and extension to a detached house following Passivhaus standards. The above image shows the heat pump installed at the back of the kitchen extension.
Red Brick House, Willesden, NW London. An extensive renovation and extension to a detached house following Passivhaus standards. The above image shows the heat pump installed at the back of the kitchen extension.

To meet the government’s ambitious target of achieving Net Zero by 2050, the Climate Change Committee (CCC), an independent government advisory group, recommends a significant increase in the number of heat pumps. The CCC suggests that by 2025, the UK should have 415,000 heat pumps installed annually. Although the government has committed to reaching 600,000 installations per year by 2028, this falls short of the CCC Pathway, which calls for 900,000 installations by 2028 and 1.1 million by 2030.

The high initial cost of energy-efficient home improvements remains a major barrier preventing many individuals from investing in these sustainable upgrades. By maintaining VAT at 20% on green home improvements, the government exacerbates this obstacle. It is crucial for the government to do more to reduce this financial barrier and ensure that greener heating options are accessible to all.

The Department for Business, Energy, and Industrial Strategy is preparing a new policy aimed at reducing carbon emissions from home heating in the UK, with an expected release later this week. However, according to The Guardian, ministers seem resistant to pressure from MPs, environmental experts, and the construction industry to reduce VAT on green home improvements.

It is worth noting that VAT on energy-saving improvements to existing homes increased from 5% to 20% in October 2019. At the time, HMRC cited EU tax laws as the reason for this increase. Now that the UK has left the EU, we are no longer bound by these tax laws. It is high time for the government to amend this policy and fulfill its promise to exercise control over taxes as a consequence of leaving the EU.

Interestingly, while new builds are not subject to VAT, green home improvements for existing homes are still taxed at the higher rate of 20%. This discrepancy seems illogical, as minimising the carbon footprint of existing homes is often the more sustainable option.

Regrettably, the government’s commitment to addressing the climate emergency has been marred by the withdrawal of support. In a puzzling move, the government terminated the Green Homes Grant initiative after just six months, offering little explanation. Under this scheme, homeowners could receive grants of up to £5,000 or £10,000 for energy-efficient home improvements. Consequently, the absence of this scheme leaves little government support or incentive for individuals seeking to reduce the carbon emissions of their homes. Additionally, the tax rate on burning fossil fuels for home heating remains at a mere 5%.

This lack of government support and the higher tax rate on green home improvements adds to the challenges faced by those considering transitioning from gas boilers to greener heating options like air source heat pumps. It is essential for the government to align its actions with its commitment to reducing the UK’s carbon emissions and ensuring affordable and accessible energy for all. By lowering the VAT on green home improvements, the government would demonstrate its genuine dedication to assisting individuals in making these crucial changes.

Herbert Paradise, Kensal Rise, NW London. House renovation and extension to meet EnerPHit standards, including no gas, ASHP, MVHR, additional insulation, airtightness and Solar PVs.
Herbert Paradise, Kensal Rise, NW London. House renovation and extension to meet EnerPHit standards, including no gas, ASHP, MVHR, additional insulation, airtightness and Solar PVs.

Furthermore, the government must prioritise helping people living in social and rented housing to lower their energy bills and reduce their carbon footprint. The government should ensure that policies enabling home improvements are not exclusive to homeowners but also extend to those living in social housing. The current provision of reduced VAT on energy-saving home improvements for specific benefits recipients falls short of addressing the needs of those on lower wages. Even for those who qualify for reduced VAT, affordability remains an obstacle for the majority.

NGOs such as Insulate Britain are calling on the government to implement policies that guarantee adequate insulation for all UK homes by 2030. They urge the government to prioritise insulation in social housing (including both council and housing authority-owned properties) by 2025. Without a comprehensive insulation policy, the risk of widening the poverty divide looms large, as individuals living in energy-inefficient homes face higher heating and electricity bills.

It is also worth noting that there is currently no direct incentive for private landlords to improve the carbon and energy efficiency of their properties. While tenants would benefit from lower energy bills and improved comfort, the increase in rental yield remains minimal. However, as awareness of the advantages of living in energy-efficient homes grows, this may change.

One effective approach to ensure action is for the government to enforce legal requirements regarding insulation and energy efficiency levels in homes. By doing so, the government would compel landlords to take steps toward creating a greener society. This approach would guarantee that no one is left behind on the path to sustainability.

Red Arches House, Kensal Rise. New Build House designed to Passivhaus standards

At RISE Design Studio, our mission is to collaborate with clients and improve their homes, reducing their properties’ carbon emissions, mitigating overheating issues, and enhancing energy efficiency. We possess extensive experience in designing with Passivhaus principles and can offer expert advice on low-energy home improvements. However, we believe that the government must do more to support everyone in making sustainable changes.

While reducing VAT on green home improvements is just one step in the right direction, it holds significant potential to create a greener and more sustainable world that is accessible and fair for all. Our commitment to sustainable architecture extends beyond our own projects, and we urge the government to take bold action in facilitating the transition to a low-carbon future.

To explore our portfolio of low-energy home improvements and learn more about RISE Design Studio’s work, click here. If you are interested in improving the energy efficiency of your home, feel free to contact us at 020 3290 1003. Together, let’s create a greener and more sustainable future.

If you would like to talk through your project with the team, please do get in touch at mail@risedesignstudio.co.uk or give us a call on 020 3290 1003

RISE Design Studio Architects company reg no: 08129708 VAT no: GB158316403 © RISE Design Studio. Trading since 2011.

Designing for a Sustainable Future with Sustainable Architects

Our small, design-led architecture studio has been driven by a passion for contemporary design, with an unwavering focus on energy efficiency and low embodied carbon. This post is intended to give you an insight into our principles, our ethos, and our approach to eco-friendly, sustainable architecture.

Our Foundations: A Journey Towards Sustainability

In 2011, a clear vision took shape within the four walls of our fledgling architecture studio – to redefine urban living for a sophisticated, environmentally conscious population. As sustainable architects, our ambition was to create residential designs that harmonise seamlessly with their environment, utilising advanced technology and sustainability principles. Over the years, we have been committed to reducing consumption and improving energy efficiency during both the construction phase and the operational lifespan of our projects.

Mill Hill House, a new build house designed to Passivhaus Standards by sustainable architects
Mill Hill House, a new build house designed following Passivhaus principles

Building Future-Ready Homes with Sustainable Architects

Central to our architectural philosophy is the idea of ‘future-proofing’. We’re not just designing for the present but also considering the generations to come. This involves the application of sustainable and cost-effective building solutions, many of which have been developed in partnership with Sustainability specialists. We create homes that can adapt to changing climates and stand the test of time while reducing our clients’ environmental footprint.

Douglas House in Kensal Rise designed following EnerPHit principles by sustainable architects
Douglas House in Kensal Rise designed following EnerPHit principles

The Graduated Approach to Sustainable Living

To provide a tangible gauge of sustainability, we have developed a hierarchical structure comprising the elements (see Passivhaus and EnerPHit standards) of improved thermal insulation, reduction of thermal bridges, considerably improved airtightness, use of high-quality windows, ventilation with highly efficient heat recovery (MVHR), efficient heat generation (ASHP), and use of renewable energy sources. With each progressive stage, our clients achieve a more significant decrease in environmental impact while also benefitting from reduced running costs, lower construction expenses, and potential avoidance of planning delays. This approach has proven particularly advantageous for new-build homes, delivering a swift return on investment through rigorous adherence to sustainability standards.

We embrace the use of innovative 3D design, visualisation tools and 3D building information modelling (BIM) technology on all our projects
We embrace the use of innovative 3D design, visualisation tools and 3D building information modelling (BIM) technology on all our projects

Leveraging Cutting-Edge Technology

As a RIBA Chartered Practice, we conform to the strict criteria of the Royal Institute of Chartered Architects. We embrace the use of innovative 3D design, visualisation tools and 3D building information modelling (BIM) technology on all our projects. Collaborating with consultants and contractors using this leading-edge technology has proven invaluable, saving our clients both time and money.

Mill Hill House in North London, sustainable design includes MVHR, Airtightness, Solar Panels, High Performance Windows and Increased Insulation. Designed by sustainable architects
Mill Hill House in North London, sustainable design includes MVHR, Airtightness, Solar Panels, High-Performance Windows and Increased Insulation

Case Studies in Sustainable Design

Our portfolio is filled with examples of our commitment to sustainable design, from the creation of bespoke additions to period properties to the more significant, all-encompassing projects like the eco-conscious design of a house in Mill Hill. Each case study offers an insight into our approach, and how we strive to push the boundaries of sustainable architecture.

Herbert Paradise in Kensal Rise, NW London, follows EnerPHit principles of sustainable design making it a very low energy home
Herbert Paradise in Kensal Rise, NW London, follows EnerPHit principles of sustainable design making it a very low-energy home

Refining Sustainability in Renovation

We all recognise the importance of sustainable living. In our daily lives, we’re consuming less, and recycling more and, in our homes, many of us are improving rather than moving. However, renovation too has a significant environmental impact. It is crucial that we find ways to mitigate this, reducing our construction emissions through sustainable design and construction practices. Our studio has made considerable strides in this area, controlling our construction material choices, recycling existing materials, employing prefabricated elements and reducing waste.

Douglas House in Kensal Rise includes Airtightness, MVHR, Solar Panels, High-Performance Glazing and Increased Insulation
Douglas House in Kensal Rise includes Airtightness, MVHR, Solar Panels, High-Performance Glazing and Increased Insulation

Retrofitting Heritage Architecture: A Complex Challenge

One of the significant challenges we face in our quest for sustainability lies in retrofitting heritage architecture. However, through the implementation of a variety of innovative, eco-friendly, and cost-effective elements, we’ve made it possible for these historical buildings to meet modern sustainability standards, without sacrificing their original charm.

Essential Tips for Sustainable Renovation

There are some key aspects to consider when seeking to improve your home’s sustainability. Insulation, energy-efficient glazing, and ventilation systems are primary considerations. Other elements include low-energy lighting, low-flow showerheads, and insulation for the hot-water tank. Using non-toxic paints, stains and sealants, salvaging materials, and opting for local resources can also make a significant difference. Focusing on these essentials makes the path to a more sustainable home accessible and affordable.

Utilising Building Information Modelling (BIM) allows for a greater understanding of the proposals prior to going to site avoiding costly mistakes and wastage during construction
Utilising Building Information Modelling (BIM) allows for a greater understanding of the proposals prior to going to site avoiding costly mistakes and wastage during construction

The Importance of Sustainable Architecture in an Urban Environment

As the need for sustainable living practices grows, so too does the demand for sustainable architecture in urban environments like London. Engaging architects experienced in sustainable building allows for developing tailored solutions that consider local climate trends, landscape features, and building regulations. This approach results in drastic reductions in energy usage, saving money and resources for homeowners while maintaining a healthy environment.

Conclusion: Our Commitment to Sustainability

For us, sustainability is far more than a mere buzzword; it’s at the heart of everything we do. Our commitment is not only to our clients but also to the broader community and the environment. Our architectural practice will continue to focus on renewable energy sources, passive cooling solutions, natural ventilation systems, biodegradable or recycled materials wherever possible, and overall energy efficiency. Our mission remains clear: to contribute to a more sustainable future through every design we bring to life.

Frequently Asked Questions

1. What principles guide your approach to sustainable architecture?

We are committed to creating contemporary designs that blend with the environment, are energy efficient, and incorporate low embodied carbon. We focus on reducing consumption and improving energy efficiency during both the construction and operational phases of our projects. Our designs also consider future generations, ensuring homes can adapt to changing climates and stand the test of time.

2. How do you incorporate ‘future-proofing’ into your designs?

‘Future-proofing’ is central to our architectural philosophy. It involves applying sustainable and cost-effective building solutions, many developed in partnership with sustainability specialists, to create homes that are adaptable to changing climates, reducing the environmental footprint of our clients.

3. What is your ‘Graduated Approach to Sustainable Living’?

We’ve developed a hierarchical structure to provide a tangible gauge of sustainability. It involves the implementation of the elements of improved thermal insulation, reduction of thermal bridges, improved airtightness, use of high-quality windows, highly efficient heat recovery ventilation, efficient heat generation, and use of renewable energy sources. This approach has been particularly advantageous for new-build homes, offering substantial decreases in environmental impact and costs.

4. Do you use any specific technology in your architectural practice?

We utilise innovative 3D design, visualisation tools, and 3D building information modelling (BIM) technology in all our projects. This leading-edge technology, in compliance with the strict criteria of the Royal Institute of Chartered Architects (RIBA), helps us collaborate more effectively with consultants and contractors, saving our clients both time and money.

5. Can you provide examples of your sustainable designs?

Our portfolio showcases various sustainable designs, from bespoke additions to period properties to large-scale projects such as the eco-conscious design of a new build house in Mill Hill. These case studies provide insights into our sustainable architectural approach.

6. How do you approach sustainability in renovation projects?

We recognise that renovation also has a significant environmental impact. We strive to mitigate this by controlling our construction material choices, recycling existing materials, using prefabricated elements, and reducing waste, hence improving our construction practices.

7. How do you retrofit heritage architecture sustainably?

Retrofitting heritage architecture is a complex challenge. However, we’ve been successful in implementing innovative, eco-friendly, and cost-effective elements that allow these historical buildings to meet modern sustainability standards without losing their original charm.

8. What should I consider when seeking to improve my home’s sustainability?

Essential considerations include insulation, energy-efficient glazing, and ventilation systems. Other elements to consider are low-energy lighting, low-flow showerheads, insulation for the hot-water tank, using non-toxic paints, salvaging materials, and opting for local resources. These considerations make the path to a more sustainable home accessible and affordable.

9. Why is sustainable architecture important in an urban environment?

As the need for sustainable living practices grows, so does the demand for sustainable architecture in urban environments. It allows for tailored solutions that consider local climate trends, landscape features, and building regulations. This approach drastically reduces energy usage, saving homeowners money and resources while preserving a healthy environment.

10. How does your firm demonstrate its commitment to sustainability?

Sustainability is at the core of all our work. We continually focus on renewable energy sources, passive cooling solutions, natural ventilation systems, biodegradable or recycled materials wherever possible, and overall energy efficiency. Our mission is to contribute to a more sustainable future through every design we bring to life.

If you would like to talk through your project with the team, please do get in touch at mail@risedesignstudio.co.uk or give us a call on 020 3290 1003

RISE Design Studio Architects company reg no: 08129708 VAT no: GB158316403 © RISE Design Studio. Trading since 2011.