In our world today, where the drive for sustainable living has never been stronger, architects must look beyond mere aesthetics and push for meaningful impacts. We believe in championing retrofits that not only reduce energy usage but create a sustainable and lasting change, ultimately benefiting both our planet and its inhabitants.
Queen’s Park House by RISE Design Studio – a retrofit project in NW London which included reclaimed bricks, solar panels and increased insulation to the thermal envelope
1. Reimagining Retrofitting: The Bigger Picture
When we talk about retrofit projects, energy efficiency naturally springs to mind. However, the environmental ripple effects of such endeavours are much more profound, extending to realms like material sourcing, manufacturing, and even disposal. Our holistic retrofitting approach encompasses all these areas, ensuring that our impact is beneficial, long-lasting, and environmentally friendly.
2. The Charm and Efficiency of Natural Materials
Natural materials stand out due to their lower environmental footprint – they need less energy in their production, are often recyclable, and compared to synthetic counterparts, contribute positively to our environment. Their intrinsic value, however, doesn’t stop there. These materials, during their growth, act as carbon sinks, drawing and locking carbon dioxide from our atmosphere. This natural carbon sequestration ensures that buildings constructed or retrofitted using such materials contribute to long-term carbon reduction.
3. Natural Breathability: A Match Made for Older Buildings
Older structures were crafted with a deep understanding of natural breathability, helping manage moisture without the need for modern ventilation systems. However, using modern non-breathable materials such as cement render or synthetic insulation can compromise this delicate balance, causing damp issues. Hence, natural materials, with their inherent breathability, remain indispensable for safeguarding these buildings and preserving their historical integrity.
4. Elevating Energy Efficiency with Wood Fibre
As an example, consider the thermal performance improvement of a solid masonry wall when treated with wood fibre insulation. Not only can its thermal efficiency improve by up to 90%, but it also aligns seamlessly with the latest Building Regulations. This treatment focuses on vital technical and practical issues, including U Values, vapour control, and other methods of improving airtightness and controlling dampness.
5. Roof Refurbishments: The Wood Fibre Advantage
Roof renovations often present unique challenges and opportunities. Whether the focus is on external renovations, interior makeovers, or loft conversions, wood fibre insulation remains a top recommendation. Not only does it provide excellent U values and vapour control, but its natural moisture management capabilities and heat protection qualities ensure that the retrofit is both durable and efficient.
6. Featured Green Products: Making the Right Choice
Steico Therm: Ideal for insulating internal walls of solid masonry, this wood fibre board enhances thermal capacity impressively.
SkamoWall Board: This calcium silicate-based system actively combats damp and mould growth, ensuring healthier interiors.
Breathaplasta: A breathable plaster solution that tackles indoor air quality and reduces mould and condensation, making homes healthier.
Steico Flex: An eco-friendly insulation solution versatile enough for various applications, providing both thermal and acoustic insulation.
Baumit Silikatin: An eco-friendly paint alternative that’s both vapour-open and environmentally friendly.
Blowerproof: A liquid-applied membrane perfect for ensuring airtightness in retrofit applications.
7. Building Physics in Retrofitting
Optimising Thermal Performance: Boosting insulation, upgrading fenestrations, and focusing on minimising thermal bridges are key.
Managing Moisture: Addressing issues like condensation and mould growth is essential for maintaining indoor air quality.
Enhancing Airtightness: Minimising uncontrolled air infiltration by sealing gaps and cracks can substantially elevate energy efficiency.
8. Economic Considerations in Retrofitting
Cost-Benefit Analysis: Weighing the initial investment against long-term savings is critical in deciding a retrofit’s viability.
Return on Investment: Understanding the payback period is key to ascertaining the economic attractiveness of a retrofit project.
Exploring Financing and Incentives: Various financial support mechanisms, such as grants and tax credits, can make retrofitting projects more affordable.
9. Technical Expertise in Retrofits
Performance-Based Upgrades: Tailoring retrofit solutions based on energy audits can ensure specific energy efficiency enhancements.
Compatibility and Integration: Ensuring seamless integration of retrofit components maximises overall performance.
Futureproofing and Flexibility: Adaptable solutions cater to future technological advancements and regulatory shifts.
10. The Vision Ahead: Designing with Purpose
In conclusion, a successful retrofit, as we’ve always believed in our studio, is a harmonious blend of economic, technical, and building physics principles. This trifecta, when addressed comprehensively, results in indoor spaces that are healthier, more energy-efficient, and truly comfortable – a testament to our commitment to designing with a conscience.
Harnessing the wisdom of the past, the innovations of the present, and the aspirations for a sustainable future, our architectural approach stands as a beacon for conscious, sustainable design.
If you would like to talk through your project with the team, please do get in touch at mail@risedesignstudio.co.uk or give us a call at 020 3290 1003
Reimagining of a typical London Victorian mid-terrace house, within the Mansfield Conservation Area, as a place of sanctuary and reflection from the city.
Site progress at Ice Cream House in Hampstead, the above view is of the Kitchen with a view to the rear patio
The project is above all a collaboration with our Italian and Portuguese clients.
Our clients wanted the home to feel open and connected, avoiding any sense of being cavernous. On the upper floor, a master suite is created with a walk-in wardrobe with bespoke joinery, an ensuite and the master bedroom affording views of the neighbouring gardens. We introduced a partially floating timber stair from the ground to the third floor that permitted a dialogue between the bedrooms, playroom, home offices, living space, music room, kitchen and dining and the garden creating a visual link throughout the house.
View of the rear extension and patio of Ice Cream House, the polished concrete floor continues from inside to outside with the seating area of the patio being tiled in terracotta tiles that wrap up the face of the side extension
Generous openings to the ground floor side extension create a focal point and frame views from the kitchen and dining spaces to the rear garden; still defined and wrapped by the original red brick wall and includes the introduction of a polished concrete floor that extends from the kitchen as well as a terracotta tile that wraps up the face of the extension to create additional depth.
The Playroom will include steps up to a suspended hammock at mezzanine level
We aimed for materials that are lively yet timeless and subtle enough to complement the client’s art, guitars, piano, and furniture. The bathrooms and built-in joinery in the bedrooms feature distinct and vibrant material and colour choices, inspired by the client’s passion for ice cream, which also inspired the house’s name.
View of what the living space will look like with a view towards the Music Room and the Kitchen beyond
Ice Cream House is another project that follows EnerPHit (Passivhaus for Refurbishment) principles of sustainable design, including ASHP, Solar PV, Airtightness, MVHR (see below) and additional insulation. The gas supply has been cut off and an induction hob included in the Kitchen.
An Air Source Heat Pump will be installed in the rear patio with a cedar clad enclosure to conceal the unit
ASHP:
Air source heat pumps (ASHP) work by transferring heat absorbed from the outside air to an indoor space. This works via a wet central heating system to heat radiators and provides domestic hot water. Heat pumps are similar to refrigerators: they absorb heat and transfer it to another medium. Certain air source heat pumps can also work as a cooling system in the summer months. Most commonly they are placed outside of a building where there is adequate space for the installation.
The MVHR unit is positioned in the Guest Bedroom wardrobe
MVHR:
An MVHR system offers significant benefits in terms of lower energy costs, increased comfort and reduced carbon emissions. These ventilation systems are designed to ensure that your home enjoys continuous fresh, clean air whilst retaining most of the energy that has already been used in heating the building to a comfortable temperature.
A view of one of the bathrooms will look like when it’s complete, including terrazzo tiles for the floor and tadelakt on the walls and ceiling
Project Team: Sude, Bethany, Imran + Sean
If you would like to talk through your project with the team, please do get in touch at mail@risedesignstudio.co.uk or give us a call at 020 3290 1003
Given the pressing need for low-energy and low-embodied carbon designs, the industry has seen a growing emphasis on standards like Passivhaus for new builds. But what about the vast number of existing buildings that do not meet these criteria? Enter EnerPHit.
Douglas House by RISE Design Studio in Kensal Rise NW London, designed following EnerPHit principles
1. The Architect’s Evolution: From New Builds to Retrofits
When I began my career 20 years ago, the primary emphasis was on new-build projects. The exciting prospect of constructing new structures from the ground up was the norm. However, as the years went by and the urgency of addressing climate change became more evident, the focus started shifting towards how we can also make older structures more energy efficient.
2. The Passivhaus Standard: Setting the Benchmark
The Passivhaus Standard came as a breath of fresh air, setting the bar high for thermal performance in new structures. It was designed with a primary focus on new builds, where every aspect of the building, from its fabric to its structure, was chosen to enhance thermal performance. As architects, we appreciated the rigorousness of the standard, but soon realised its limitations for retrofit projects.
3. The Rise of EnerPHit: Answering the Retrofit Challenge
Understanding that the high standards of Passivhaus weren’t always achievable for retrofit projects, the EnerPHit standard was born. Recognised by the Passivhaus Institute, EnerPHit acts as a bridge, allowing older buildings to be renovated closer to the stringent Passivhaus standards. It considers the nuances and challenges of retrofitting, especially when it comes to fixed aspects of existing buildings.
4. Delving Deeper: Key Elements of the EnerPHit Retrofit
EnerPHit doesn’t merely provide a broad-brush approach. It specifically addresses several critical elements in older buildings, including:
Improved fabric performance
Overall limit on energy demand and emissions
Comfort and health outcomes
Closure of energy performance gap
By focusing on these aspects, EnerPHit ensures that older properties can achieve energy efficiency comparable to their newer counterparts.
5. Why the Shift Towards EnerPHit is More Important Than Ever
In the wake of the UK government’s 2019 pledge to achieve net-zero carbon emissions by 2050, the construction industry has undergone a paradigm shift. While products like Green Life Building’s SIP panels are emerging as favourites for new builds, the importance of retrofitting cannot be overstated. It’s not just about constructing new energy-efficient buildings; it’s also about transforming our existing ones.
6. The Practical Implications: Achieving EnerPHit Standards
Using technologies such as SIP panels, which can be retrofitted into existing properties, buildings can achieve the coveted EnerPHit standards. This not only reduces heating energy requirements and carbon dioxide emissions by up to 90% compared to traditional structures but also offers a plethora of benefits to homeowners and businesses alike.
7. The Tangible Benefits of the EnerPHit Retrofit
At our studio, we’ve observed a wide range of advantages for properties renovated to the EnerPHit standards:
Significant reduction in energy bills
Enhanced energy security
Comfortable and consistent living conditions
An increase in property value
A notable reduction in carbon footprint
8. More Than Just Numbers: The Comfort of EnerPHit Retrofits
It’s essential to highlight that EnerPHit doesn’t just mean statistical energy savings. For those residing or working within, it translates to a tangible increase in comfort. Expect consistent and ambient air temperatures, draft-free spaces, controlled humidity, and an environment free from surface condensation and mould growth.
9. The Architect’s Perspective: Embracing the Change
As someone who has been a part of this industry for two decades, adopting and promoting EnerPHit has been a transformative experience. It’s not just about being in line with legislation or industry standards; it’s about reshaping our architectural landscape, making it more sustainable and future-ready.
10. The Path Ahead: Retrofitting for a Sustainable Future
As we move forward, retrofitting will play a pivotal role in shaping the future of sustainable architecture. By embracing standards like EnerPHit, we’re not just upgrading buildings; we’re ushering in a new era of responsible and visionary architectural design.
In conclusion, the EnerPHit standard offers a beacon of hope for older structures, ensuring they are not left behind in the race towards a sustainable future. By marrying contemporary design with stringent energy efficiency standards, we can create buildings that stand the test of time, both in terms of design and functionality.
If you would like to talk through your project with the team, please do get in touch at mail@risedesignstudio.co.uk or give us a call at 020 3290 1003
Here, I aim to give you a deeper understanding of what airtightness is, combining theory with the practicalities we’ve encountered working on the many low-energy retrofit and new build projects we’ve completed.
Proclima Intello tape uses for airtightness on this timber frame house
Chapter 1: Introduction, The Airtightness Imperative
In today’s age of sustainability, the topic of energy efficiency has steadily climbed the agenda of architects, builders, and homeowners alike. Notably, airtightness has emerged as a paramount concern, given its direct correlation with energy loss. Older homes, with their dated construction methods and less effective materials, have historically struggled with energy loss due to air leakage. However, as construction methods have modernised, the magnitude of the problem has only grown more apparent.
1.1 The Evolution of Housing and Energy Loss
To understand the significance of airtightness in contemporary construction, we must first look back. Historically, the construction of homes was more ‘breathable’, primarily due to the materials and techniques employed. These houses, while charming, often had gaps, cracks, and other points of air leakage. The result? Approximately 20% of energy, predominantly from space heating, would be lost due to these imperfections.
However, as society became more environmentally conscious, the methods of construction evolved. Modern homes became insulated havens with double or triple-glazed windows, improved wall insulation, and advanced heating systems. As these improvements reduced other methods of heat loss, the proportion of energy loss attributed to ventilation drastically increased. Today, it’s estimated that ventilation contributes to 35-40% of a home’s energy loss.
1.2 The Modern Paradigm
While our forebears might have been more accepting of a drafty home, modern homeowners are not. Rising energy costs, the push for green technologies, and the demand for energy-efficient homes have highlighted the importance of airtightness. It’s no longer sufficient to slap on a layer of insulation and call it a day. Every joint, seam, and intersection in a building needs scrutiny.
1.3 The Comprehensive Approach to Airtightness
A comprehensive approach to airtightness doesn’t simply focus on sealing gaps. It requires a multi-faceted strategy that includes:
Material Selection: Using advanced materials that inherently reduce air leakage.
Construction Techniques: Employing methods that emphasise the airtight sealing of a building’s envelope.
Mechanical Systems: Implementing controlled ventilation systems, ensuring fresh air intake without energy loss.
Regular Maintenance and Checks: As buildings settle and age, potential problem areas might emerge. Routine checks ensure that a building remains as airtight as the day it was constructed.
In conclusion, as the architectural and construction industries continue to progress, the airtightness imperative will remain central to the dialogue. The benefits, ranging from reduced energy costs to a lower carbon footprint, make it clear that this is not just a trend but a necessary evolution in the way we build and inhabit spaces.
A typical Victorian property in Queen’s Park, North West London
Chapter 2: What is Airtightness and Why is it Crucial?
The notion of airtightness might initially conjure images of sealed containers or vacuum chambers. However, when it comes to the built environment, this term carries a nuanced significance. Airtightness has come to the forefront of architectural discourse, not merely as a buzzword, but as an indispensable criterion for modern design.
2.1 Defining Airtightness
At its core, airtightness speaks to a building’s capacity to prevent unintended air exchange with its surroundings. This doesn’t mean a space void of fresh air, but rather, an environment where the inflow and outflow of air are meticulously controlled. This is measured in terms of air permeability, which quantifies the volume of air (in cubic metres) that leaks per hour through each square metre of the building’s external envelope under specific test conditions.
2.2 The Implications of Air Leakage
When a building is not airtight, it falls prey to the unpredictable whims of the environment. During colder months, warmth from the interior might escape, while in summer, the heat could intrude. This inconsistent interchange:
Compromises Indoor Comfort: Rooms may feel draughty or have fluctuating temperatures.
Increases Energy Consumption: As heating or cooling systems work overtime to compensate for the loss or gain of heat, energy usage escalates.
Elevates Utility Costs: With energy consumption on the rise, utility bills can also see a noticeable uptick.
2.3 Airtightness: A Pillar of Modern Architecture
For an avant-garde design studio such as ours, the principles of airtightness are not just checkboxes in a compliance sheet. They represent the ethos of 21st-century architecture:
Sustainability: With the global push towards eco-consciousness, reducing the carbon footprint of buildings has become paramount. Airtight buildings play a significant role in this pursuit.
Innovation in Design: Modern architecture seeks not just to appease the eye but also to push the boundaries of what’s possible. Incorporating airtightness solutions challenges designers to innovate and redefine building norms.
Holistic Building Performance: Contemporary design recognises that aesthetics and functionality are two sides of the same coin. Airtightness, thus, contributes to a building’s overall performance, enhancing occupants’ comfort and well-being.
2.4 Ensuring Airtightness: An Integral Phase
Ensuring a building is airtight is not an afterthought—it’s an intrinsic part of the design and construction process. This involves:
Detailed Designing: Right from the drafting table, potential air leakage points are identified and mitigated.
Material Specification: Using advanced membranes, sealants, and insulation which help in achieving the desired airtightness levels.
On-site Verification: Employing tools like blower door tests to measure and verify the airtightness of a constructed space.
In summary, as the construction landscape evolves, understanding and emphasising airtightness remains pivotal. It is not just about conforming to standards but sculpting spaces that resonate with the needs and aspirations of our times.
01 Taping of membrane overlapping to underside of ceiling / 02 Airtightness taping around joist ends / 03 Airtightness membrane at the underside of a ceiling with taping around web-joists and other junctions / 04 Airtight membranes installed prior to the installation of internal studwork 05 Specialised seals around ductwork 06 Specialised seals around penetration for wires. Image credit: Passivehouse Plus
Chapter 3: Modern vs. Older Homes: A Comparison
When delving into the domain of building construction and airtightness, it’s tempting to believe that advancements in technology and design inherently make modern homes superior to their older counterparts in every aspect. However, this isn’t always the case, especially when examining airtightness. Contrary to popular belief, some contemporary homes might fall short in this arena when compared to older structures.
3.1 The Architectural Evolution Over Time
The architectural journey, over decades, has been marked by evolving aesthetic preferences, changing materials, and innovations in construction techniques. Historically:
Older Homes: They were often constructed with dense, solid materials, like brick and stone, which naturally provided a certain level of airtightness. The simpler design patterns, with fewer joints and breaks in the structure, minimised air leakage points. Ventilation was usually provided by natural draughts through less refined windows and doors.
Modern Homes: These epitomise a blend of complex designs, large glazed areas, and a vast array of materials. While they offer numerous advantages, the complexity can introduce numerous potential points of air leakage if not meticulously managed.
3.2 The Paradox of Modern Construction
Modern buildings are not inherently flawed, but the challenges they pose in terms of airtightness include:
Varied Workmanship: The quality of construction can fluctuate significantly due to diverse workmanship standards, potentially creating inconsistent airtightness levels across different buildings or even different parts of the same building.
Complex Assemblies: Modern homes often feature intricate design elements—such as larger windows, complex junctions, and multiple material transitions—that can introduce vulnerabilities if not sealed appropriately.
Rapid Construction: The drive to complete buildings quickly can sometimes lead to an oversight in ensuring airtightness.
3.3 Lessons from the Past
While older homes might lack many of the modern amenities and technological advancements, their approach to airtightness, albeit unintentional, offers lessons:
Simplicity: Fewer joints and breaks mean fewer potential leak points. Modern designs can aim for a balance between aesthetic complexity and airtight simplicity.
Use of Natural Materials: Traditional construction often leveraged materials that inherently provided good insulation and airtight properties. Revisiting some of these materials could be beneficial.
3.4 Striking the Right Balance
For the forward-thinking homeowner, architect or builder, the key lies not in choosing between old and new but in harmoniously blending the strengths of both:
Informed Design Choices: Marrying the aesthetic appeal of modern designs with principles that enhance airtightness.
Quality Control: Ensuring that the workmanship standards are consistently high across all stages of construction.
Continuous Innovation: Integrating new technologies and materials that offer better airtightness solutions without compromising on design.
In conclusion, while the dichotomy between modern and older homes presents unique challenges, it also provides a rich tapestry of insights. Embracing the best of both worlds can lead to spaces that are not only visually compelling but also functionally superior in terms of airtightness.
Diagram showing Windtight and Airtight layers as well as thermal bridge free construction and super insulation
Chapter 4: Current Standards and Achievements
The realm of building and construction, particularly when it comes to airtightness, is a dynamic field. Regulations and standards are set to maintain a certain quality level and ensure energy efficiency. Yet, as the industry evolves, so does the challenge of consistently meeting these established standards. The Building Regulations 2022 is a testament to such an ambition, but how does it fare in practical scenarios?
4.1 An Overview of Building Regulations 2022
The Building Regulations 2022 is a cornerstone for construction standards in the UK:
Airtightness Standard: One of its regulations is the airtightness of buildings, setting the bar at 10 m3/hr/m2. This benchmark is founded on the principles of energy conservation, comfort, and sustainability.
Part L1A of the Building Regulations stipulates the baseline requirements for testing at a threshold value of 10m³/hr/m². However, the rate often required to achieve the TER is considerably lower.
In most designs, values ranging from 4 to 6m³/hr/m² are utilised. With meticulous attention to the details during the construction phase, these rates can be easily met. Once the construction is finalised, the actual air leakage rate is ascertained through on-site testing.
High-performance constructions, like Passivhaus homes, often consistently record rates lower than 1m³/hr/m².
All new homes must undergo testing upon completion, with two specific exceptions: 01: If an identical construction has been completed by the same builder within the previous year and has satisfactorily passed an airtightness test. 02: When a high default value of 15m³/hr/m² is applied in the SAP assessment.
If you wish to circumvent the uncertainty of on-site testing, an air leakage rate of 15 can be selected. This rate is akin to having a sizeable window left open during the test, thus eliminating the need for testing entirely. However, this would necessitate substantial countermeasures like extra-thick insulation amongst others.
4.2 Dissecting the Survey Findings
A survey targeting 100 contemporary homes brought some revealing insights:
Startling Figures: While standards project a certain level of airtightness, approximately 33% of these homes didn’t even achieve the set benchmark. Such a deviation is a cause for concern, indicating a potential disconnect between regulatory standards and on-ground execution.
Variability in Construction: Even within modern constructions, there was a vast variance in airtightness levels. While some exceeded the standards, others lagged woefully behind.
4.3 Impediments to Achieving the Standard
Several factors contribute to this noticeable disparity:
Knowledge Gap: Not all builders and contractors might be fully versed in the nuances of the airtightness standards, leading to unintentional oversights during construction.
Workmanship Consistency: As previously discussed, variability in workmanship quality can result in different airtightness levels.
Cost Factors: Achieving high levels of airtightness might involve additional costs in terms of materials and labour. Some builders might cut corners to stay within budgets.
The Complexity of Modern Designs: Advanced architectural designs can inadvertently introduce challenges in maintaining airtightness.
4.4 The Way Forward: Bridging the Gap
While the current scenario isn’t entirely bleak, there’s an evident need for course correction:
Awareness Campaigns: Construction industry stakeholders, including architects and builders, need periodic updates and training on the importance and techniques of achieving airtightness.
Robust Inspection Mechanisms: Regular and rigorous inspections during and after construction can help identify potential lapses and rectify them timely.
Feedback Loops: Learning from projects that failed to meet the standards can provide invaluable insights for future constructions.
Rethinking Standards: It might be beneficial to revisit the standards themselves periodically, ensuring they are in sync with current technologies, materials, and construction practices.
In summation, while standards like the Building Regulations 2022 provide a fairly solid foundation (but does need to be improved considerably due MVHR only being efficient when airtightness is below 7 m3/hr/m2), their real-world implementation demands continuous monitoring and adaptation. Only through concerted efforts from all industry stakeholders can the aspiration of optimal airtightness in every home be achieved and improved.
Airtightness test at our Red Brick House in Willesden, North West London
Chapter 5: Key Areas of Concern: Common Air Leakage Points
When aiming for optimal airtightness in buildings, it’s crucial to identify and address potential weak points where air leakages might occur. These weak points, often arising from various construction phases or oversight, can significantly compromise the energy efficiency of a structure. Our on-site experiences have illuminated some of the most recurrent areas of concern.
5.1 Gaps around Window Frames, Doors, and Floor Joists
The Issue: Improper sealing or alignment of windows and doors often leads to discernible gaps, while floor joists can sometimes be overlooked in terms of insulation and sealing.
The Solution: Utilising high-quality sealants, ensuring precise fittings, and opting for insulated frames can effectively mitigate these issues. Further, insulation between floor joists can restrict air flow and enhance thermal efficiency.
5.2 Hollow Sections in Suspended Floors or Walls
The Issue: These sections can act as conduits for unwanted airflow due to cavities created during construction or as a design feature.
The Solution: Proper insulation within these hollow sections or using solid construction techniques can reduce or eliminate such air pathways.
5.3 Cracks in Masonry or Gaps Behind Plasterboards
The Issue: Natural settling of buildings or subpar masonry can result in cracks. Similarly, improperly installed plasterboards can leave air pockets.
The Solution: Regular building inspections can help identify these issues early on. Filling cracks with appropriate sealants or mortar and ensuring flush plasterboard installations can address these concerns.
5.4 Areas Around Pipes, Vents, Heating Systems, and Electrical Fixtures
The Issue: These installations often require openings in walls, floors, or ceilings. If not sealed correctly, they can become significant sources of air leakages.
The Solution: Using gaskets, sealants, or specially designed collars around these installations can ensure a tight fit and minimise air infiltration.
5.5 The Imperative of Meticulous Inspection
Ensuring airtightness is not merely about addressing the obvious points of leakage but also about conducting thorough and regular inspections:
Proactive Identification: Regular inspections, especially post-construction and during maintenance phases, can spot potential problem areas before they escalate.
Leveraging Technology: Tools like thermal imaging cameras can visually pinpoint areas of air leakage, making the task of sealing and repair more targeted.
Skilled Professionals: Engaging professionals with expertise in building diagnostics can lead to more accurate identification of leakage points and suitable solutions.
In summary, while contemporary construction offers numerous advantages, it also brings its own set of challenges. By understanding and addressing common air leakage points, we can significantly improve the energy efficiency and comfort levels of a building. Meticulous inspection, combined with preventive and corrective measures, ensures that our structures stand the test of time and utility.
Airtightness Test at Red Brick House, North London, showing the blower door test being set up
Chapter 6: The Airtightness Barrier: An Architect’s Tool
The airtightness barrier often likened to an invisible shield, plays a pivotal role in modern architectural design. Its essence lies in ensuring that a structure remains as impervious to unwanted air infiltration and exfiltration as possible, preserving energy efficiency and promoting a comfortable interior environment. But what is this barrier, and how can architects integrate it seamlessly into their designs?
6.1 Understanding the Airtightness Barrier
Definition: The airtightness barrier isn’t just a single layer or component. Instead, it’s a holistic system, encompassing a variety of materials and techniques, all working in unison to prevent unwanted airflow. This might include membranes, tapes, sealants, and gaskets.
Functionality: Beyond just preventing air leakage, this barrier also ensures the controlled exchange of air. This means that while uncontrolled air leakage is minimised, ventilation systems can operate more efficiently, ensuring good indoor air quality.
6.2 Integration at the Design Stage
Holistic Approach: Rather than being an afterthought, the airtightness barrier must be integrated right from the conceptual stage of design. This ensures that the barrier complements structural and aesthetic elements rather than hindering them.
Flexible Solutions: Depending on the building type, purpose, and location, the specifics of the barrier can vary. Thus, architects need to tailor the barrier to each project’s unique needs.
6.3 Key Considerations for Architects
Material Selection: Architects should opt for durable and resilient materials for the barrier, considering the local climate, potential exposure conditions, and desired lifespan of the structure.
Seamless Transitions: Where different materials or building components meet, there’s a heightened risk for air leakage. Architects should design in such a way that these transitions are meticulously sealed and guarded against potential breakages.
Incorporating Ventilation: While the objective is to minimise uncontrolled air leakage, architects must also plan for controlled ventilation, like Mechanical Ventilation Heat Recovery (MVHR). This ensures fresh air exchange without compromising the efficiency of the barrier.
6.4 Future Innovations and Adaptations
Technology-Driven Solutions: As building technology evolves, architects can leverage advanced tools and software to simulate and test the efficacy of their airtightness barrier designs.
Continuous Learning and Upgradation: The world of architecture is in perpetual evolution. By staying attuned to emerging best practices and novel materials, architects can continually refine their approach to airtightness.
In conclusion, the airtightness barrier is an indispensable tool in the architect’s arsenal. It not only upholds the energy efficiency and comfort of a building but also accentuates the importance of forward-thinking, sustainable design. By weaving this barrier seamlessly into the fabric of their designs, architects are able to create structures that stand as testimonies to both form and function.
Visible smoke used during the Blower Door test to detect leakages in the building fabric
Chapter 7: Developing an Airtightness Strategy: From the Drawing Board to the Site
The art of crafting a building that stands against the onslaught of uncontrolled airflow is no mean feat. An airtight building is not just about integrating specific materials but encapsulating a vision that spans from initial sketches to the very last brick. The journey is intricate, demanding a blend of foresight, strategy, and concerted teamwork.
7.1 Setting Clear Performance Targets
Benchmarks and Metrics: Every successful airtightness strategy commences with well-defined targets. By stipulating specific air leakage rates or other measurable benchmarks, the project sets clear expectations from the outset.
Adherence to Regulations: While setting targets, it’s imperative to align with existing building regulations and guidelines, ensuring that the building not only meets but exceeds industry standards.
7.2 Leveraging Performance-based Specifications
Material and Component Selection: Using performance-based specifications means that materials and components are chosen based on their ability to meet the desired performance criteria, rather than just their inherent characteristics.
Continuous Assessment: Regular performance evaluations during construction ensure that the project remains on track and that any discrepancies can be addressed promptly.
7.3 Ensuring Stakeholder Alignment
Workshops and Training: It’s pivotal that everyone involved, from masons to electricians, is on the same page. Hosting workshops or training sessions can help familiarising teams with the airtightness strategy.
Regular Communication: Open lines of communication between teams can facilitate the identification and resolution of potential airtightness challenges. Frequent meetings, updates, and feedback sessions can prove beneficial.
7.4 The Role of the ‘Airtightness Champion’
Duties and Responsibilities: The Airtightness Champion is not just a title. This person is tasked with overseeing the entirety of the airtightness strategy, from monitoring material procurement to ensuring quality control on-site.
Bridging the Design-Construction Gap: One of the pivotal roles of the Airtightness Champion is to ensure a seamless transition of the airtightness vision from design to construction, eliminating ambiguities or misinterpretations.
Advocacy and Awareness: This champion also plays an educational role, advocating for best practices, introducing new techniques, and ensuring all members understand the importance of airtightness.
7.5 Iterative Refinement and Feedback
Post-Construction Analysis: Once a project is completed, a thorough analysis can provide insights into what worked and areas of improvement. This feedback can then inform future projects.
Incorporating Technological Tools: Tools such as blower door tests or thermal imaging can offer real-time data during construction, facilitating adjustments in the airtightness strategy as needed.
In summary, creating an airtight building is a symphony of precise strategy, unwavering focus, and harmonious teamwork. It’s about setting clear visions, arming oneself with the right tools, and ensuring every hand that touches the project does so with airtightness in mind. With such a holistic approach, the resulting structures not only stand firm against air leakages but also serve as benchmarks for others to emulate.
Blower Door Test being set up at our Red Brick House in Willesden, North West London
Chapter 8: Practical Steps to Achieving Airtightness
Airtightness is as much about tangible measures as it is about theory. Successful integration of airtightness in a building requires attention to detail, a deep understanding of materials, and rigorous processes. Here, we delve into some of the hands-on steps we’ve employed to translate our airtightness strategy into concrete outcomes.
8.1 The Imperative of Air Barriers
Characteristics of Ideal Barriers: The crux of airtightness lies in choosing barriers that are impermeable to airflow, continuous across junctions, and durable over time. Whether it’s a vapour barrier or a more rigid material, ensuring its continuity is essential to prevent leakages.
Positioning and Installation: Air barriers must be placed in areas where they won’t be compromised by subsequent building processes or later modifications.
8.2 Sealing Laps in Membranes
Material Selection: Specialised tapes and adhesives are imperative for ensuring the tightness of joins in air barrier membranes. Opting for high-quality materials that adhere well and remain effective over time is vital.
Technique: Correct lapping, typically overlapping the upper layer over the lower one, ensures that any water moving downwards doesn’t penetrate the barrier.
8.3 Window, Door, and Fixture Sealing
High-Quality Sealants: Using premium-grade sealants, which offer long-lasting protection against the elements, is paramount.
Attention to Detail: This involves not just the external perimeter but also areas like window and door sills, which can often be overlooked. Ensuring full perimeter sealing can drastically reduce air leakage.
Insulation: Beyond sealing, effective insulation of these openings, using products like expanding foam, can further enhance airtightness, but care must be taken when using expanding foam as studies have found that the foam can degrade over time creating air leakages.
8.4 Addressing Services in External Walls and Floors
Seal Service Penetrations: All service conduits, whether for electricity, water, or gas, must be meticulously sealed at the point they penetrate external barriers. This can be achieved using collars, grommets, or specific sealants.
Regular Inspection: Over time, seals can degrade or become compromised. Regular inspections can ensure any wear and tear is promptly addressed.
8.5 Airtight Light Fittings and Redundancy Measures
Lighting Considerations: Opting for airtight light fixtures ensures that the integrity of ceilings isn’t compromised. Where traditional fittings are used, additional sealing measures might be needed.
Unused Areas: Features like unused fireplaces can become significant sources of air leakage. Installing chimney balloons or draught-proofing measures can effectively block these off.
In conclusion, achieving airtightness is a meticulous process, requiring a blend of the right materials, expert techniques, and regular quality checks. By committing to these practical steps, we bring the theory of airtightness to life, crafting structures that are not only energy-efficient but also resilient against the elements.
Chapter 9: The Crucial Role of Testing in Airtightness
Achieving airtightness is not a matter of mere assumption or theory. It’s a tangible quality, measurable and quantifiable, and this is where testing comes into play. Comprehensive testing serves as a confirmation of our design and construction practices and provides invaluable insights into potential improvements.
9.1 The Essence of Air Testing
Objective Measurement: Airtightness tests offer a quantitative assessment, translating the efficacy of our strategies into measurable metrics. This allows us to assess if we have met or exceeded the set airtightness standards.
Timely Detection: By integrating testing at various stages of construction, from the initial phases to the final touches, we can swiftly pinpoint and rectify areas that aren’t meeting the desired standards.
9.2 Techniques and Tools: From Smoke Sticks to Pressure Tests
Smoke Sticks: A basic yet highly effective technique, smoke sticks or pencils emit visible smoke that gets drawn towards areas of air ingress. This not only visually demonstrates the leakage points but also offers an immediate way to gauge the severity of the issue.
Blower Door Test: This is a more comprehensive technique, involving the use of a powerful fan to depressurise the building. By measuring the rate at which air flows into the structure to equalise the pressure, this test provides an accurate measure of the building’s overall airtightness.
Thermal Imaging: Infrared cameras can detect differences in temperature caused by air leakages. This visual method is particularly useful in large structures or in conditions where other methods might be less effective.
9.3 Proactive Addressing of Issues
Immediate Rectifications: Once a leakage point is detected, immediate steps can be taken to address the issue. This might involve additional sealing, repairs, or even redesigning certain components.
Iterative Testing: After making necessary modifications, the area or the building can be re-tested to ensure that the remediation has been effective.
9.4 The Broader Impact of Testing
Ensuring Compliance: Regular testing ensures that our buildings are compliant with the latest regulatory standards, protecting stakeholders from potential legal implications and ensuring the building’s occupants reap the full benefits of an airtight structure.
Building Confidence: Regular testing instils confidence in both our team and our clients. It demonstrates our commitment to quality, precision, and energy efficiency.
It’s evident that testing is not just a regulatory necessity but an architect’s ally. It offers a clear pathway, turning the abstract concept of airtightness into a concrete achievement. With each test, we come closer to perfecting our understanding of the intricate dance between design, materials, and construction in creating airtight buildings.
Chapter 10: Airtightness Standards: An Overview
Navigating the realm of architectural design and construction without a thorough understanding of prevailing airtightness standards is akin to sailing without a compass. These standards, often instituted by reputed bodies and research organisations, form the foundation for modern sustainable building practices.
10.1 The Evolution of Airtightness Standards
Historical Context: The recognition of the importance of airtightness is not a recent phenomenon. Over the decades, as our understanding of energy efficiency grew, so did the push for more stringent standards. Initially focused on mere conservation, today’s standards strive for holistic sustainability.
Current Trends: As technology and construction methodologies advance, so do the benchmarks. Today, the push is not just for airtightness but also ensuring that buildings have effective ventilation, striking a balance between energy conservation and indoor air quality.
10.2 Key Organisations and Their Contributions
British Standards Institute (BSI): As the national standards body of the UK, the BSI plays a pivotal role in formulating airtightness standards. Their guidelines are comprehensive, covering aspects from material selection to construction techniques, and serve as a reference point for many professionals in the industry.
Building Research Establishment (BRE): BRE, with its extensive research and consultancy in the built environment, provides invaluable insights and recommendations. Their studies often inform the evolution of standards, ensuring they are rooted in empirical evidence and practical experience.
10.3 Interpreting the Standards: Beyond the Jargon
Quantitative Benchmarks: Most standards provide specific numerical values that buildings should adhere to. These might pertain to the permissible air leakage rates, insulation levels, or the efficacy of ventilation systems.
Qualitative Guidelines: Apart from numbers, standards often offer qualitative advice, covering best practices, potential pitfalls, and recommendations for various construction scenarios.
Case Studies and Examples: Many standards, especially those by research bodies like BRE, also provide real-world case studies. These examples offer a practical perspective, illustrating how the standards translate in real-world scenarios.
10.4 The Global Perspective
International Standards: While the UK has its unique standards, it’s crucial to be aware of international benchmarks, especially when working on projects with global stakeholders or in different countries. Organisations like the International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO) provide guidelines that often influence or align with national standards.
Adapting to Local Context: While standards provide a general framework, each building project has its unique context. It’s essential to adapt these guidelines considering local conditions, materials available, and specific project requirements.
In summary, while airtightness standards can initially seem overwhelming, they are invaluable tools in the architect’s arsenal. By staying updated, understanding the rationale behind these standards, and applying them judiciously, architects and builders can ensure that their creations are not just aesthetically pleasing but also environmentally responsible and sustainable.
Some popular airtightness membranes include: 01 Pro Clima Intello I 02 Ampatex / 03 Isover Vario / 04 Medite Smartply ProPassiv airtight OSB / 05 Blowerproof liquid airtight paint / 06 Airstop Diva Forte. Image credit: Passivehouse Plus
Conclusion: Airtightness – The Architectural Keystone of Tomorrow
In the vast expanse of architectural elements, airtightness, once perhaps seen as a mere footnote, has steadily grown in stature. The burgeoning focus on sustainability, climate change mitigation, and the inexorable drive for energy efficiency, has placed airtightness at the very heart of contemporary building design and construction.
The Holistic Impact of Airtightness Airtightness isn’t an isolated discipline; it has a domino effect. Enhanced airtightness in buildings not only conserves energy but also elevates indoor air quality, reduces energy bills, and diminishes the carbon footprint of the structure. It’s a singular solution with multifaceted benefits.
Adapting to a Changing Climate The global climate crisis mandates swift and effective responses. Buildings, as significant consumers of energy, play a colossal role in either exacerbating or alleviating this crisis. Airtightness is one of the primary solutions within our grasp that can help transform the energy profile of our structures, making them more resilient and less demanding on our planet’s finite resources.
The Cultural Shift in Architectural Design Beyond the hard metrics of energy savings and carbon reduction, there’s a cultural evolution at play. Homeowners, builders, and stakeholders are increasingly educated about the virtues of airtight design. As this cultural shift continues, architects and designers are in a prime position to lead the narrative, ensuring that airtightness isn’t just a technical specification but a central ethos.
The Road Ahead There will undoubtedly be challenges. New materials, evolving technologies, and ever-changing regulations will keep the architectural and construction industries on their toes. But with challenge comes opportunity. The commitment to airtightness represents an opportunity to reimagine the buildings of tomorrow, creating structures that are harmonious with their environment, efficient in their function, and exemplary in their design.
In the final analysis, airtightness is more than a technical requisite; it’s a testament to our collective responsibility. It’s about crafting buildings that don’t just stand as monuments to our creativity but as symbols of our commitment to a sustainable future. As we stand on the precipice of architectural evolution, addressing airtightness isn’t just a choice – it’s an imperative for the generations to come.
If you would like to talk through your project with the team, please do get in touch at mail@risedesignstudio.co.uk or give us a call on 020 3290 1003
With the climate crisis at the forefront of global challenges, the Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA) has set forth an important initiative, the 2030 Climate Challenge. Below we delve into this and share the nuances of the initiative and its implications for the architectural world.
Queen’s Park House in NW London by RISE Design Studio
Chapter 1: RIBA’s 2030 Climate Challenge: Paving the Path for Sustainable Architecture
In the ever-evolving landscape of architectural design and construction, the need for sustainability has become paramount. As the world grapples with the pressing issue of climate change, architects are at the forefront of a transformative movement towards environmentally responsible practices. Among the vanguard of this movement is the Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA), which has set forth a visionary initiative known as the “2030 Climate Challenge”. This initiative embodies a commitment to fostering sustainable architects who will shape the future of the built environment in the United Kingdom.
RIBA’s Vision for Sustainability
At the heart of the 2030 Climate Challenge are RIBA’s ambitious objectives. This challenge serves as a call to action for RIBA Chartered Practices, urging them to embrace and uphold specific performance targets. These targets encompass critical aspects of sustainability, including energy use, water consumption, and embodied carbon. By delineating these voluntary benchmarks, RIBA aspires to guide the architectural community towards a collective goal: achieving a net-zero carbon future for the entire UK building stock by the year 2050.
Energy Efficiency: A Pillar of Sustainable Design
One of the primary pillars of RIBA’s 2030 Climate Challenge is energy efficiency. Sustainable architects, under the guidance of RIBA, are encouraged to develop innovative design solutions that minimise energy consumption. This involves harnessing natural light, implementing passive heating and cooling systems, and incorporating renewable energy sources wherever feasible. By setting specific targets for energy efficiency, RIBA seeks to reduce the carbon footprint of new and existing buildings, effectively curbing the sector’s contribution to climate change.
Water Conservation: A Precious Resource Preserved
Another vital facet of sustainable architecture lies in water conservation. The challenge urges architects to adopt practices that mitigate water wastage, both in the construction and operational phases of a building’s lifecycle. Sustainable architects employ techniques such as rainwater harvesting, greywater recycling, and low-flow fixtures to achieve these goals. RIBA recognises that safeguarding this precious resource is paramount in the fight against climate change and environmental degradation.
Embodied Carbon: Building Responsibly for the Future
A central tenet of RIBA’s 2030 Climate Challenge is the concept of embodied carbon. Sustainable architects are tasked with minimising the carbon emissions associated with a building’s construction materials and processes. This involves carefully selecting sustainable materials, promoting circular economy principles, and reducing waste during construction. By focusing on embodied carbon, architects can contribute significantly to the long-term sustainability of the built environment, aligning their practices with RIBA’s vision of a net-zero carbon future.
The Role of Sustainable Architects
Sustainable architects are the vanguards of change in the architectural profession. They play a pivotal role in shaping a future where buildings are not merely functional structures but guardians of the environment. Through their dedication to RIBA’s 2030 Climate Challenge, sustainable architects demonstrate a commitment to creating spaces that are ecologically responsible, energy-efficient, and climate-friendly.
Chapter 1 Conclusion
RIBA’s 2030 Climate Challenge sets a clear trajectory for the architectural community in the UK. It calls upon sustainable architects to embrace a new era of design and construction, where sustainability is not an option but an imperative. By committing to specific targets related to energy use, water conservation, and embodied carbon, architects are aligning themselves with a vision of a greener, more sustainable future. As they navigate the complex terrain of climate change and environmental preservation, these architects are poised to be the driving force behind the transformation of the UK building stock into a net-zero carbon exemplar by 2050.
RIBA 2030 Climate Challenge – The RIBA has developed voluntary performance targets for operational energy use, water use and embodied carbon.
Chapter 2: The Urgency of Action: Sustainable Architects Leading the Way
In recent years, the world has witnessed the sobering reality of climate change. The past decade stands as a stark reminder, with record-breaking temperatures and extreme weather events becoming increasingly commonplace. Against this backdrop, the imperative of immediate response looms large. While the UK Government has set the ambitious target of achieving net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050, the architectural industry must also rise to the occasion. Sustainable architects, in particular, find themselves at the forefront of this battle, equipped with strategies and solutions that can help mitigate the climate crisis.
The Climate Emergency: A Decade of Warnings
The past decade’s record-breaking warmth is not a mere statistical anomaly but a chilling indication of the Earth’s changing climate. Rising global temperatures, melting ice caps, and more frequent and severe weather events all serve as dire warnings of a planet in peril. The urgency of addressing climate change has never been more pronounced. It is a collective responsibility, and the architectural profession has a vital role to play in shaping a sustainable future.
Government Mandate and Industry Commitment
In response to the unfolding climate crisis, the UK Government has set a clear mandate: achieve net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050. This commitment represents a monumental step towards a more sustainable future. However, the responsibility doesn’t rest solely on the shoulders of policymakers. The architectural industry must also take proactive measures to align itself with this ambitious goal. Sustainable architects, in particular, are well-positioned to lead this charge.
Net Zero Whole Life Carbon: A Paradigm Shift
Sustainable architects recognise that achieving net-zero carbon emissions is not merely about the operational phase of buildings but extends to their entire life cycle. This paradigm shift in thinking calls for a holistic approach to design and construction. Architects must consider the carbon footprint of materials, construction processes, and the eventual operation of a building. By prioritising net zero whole-life carbon, sustainable architects are redefining the way buildings are conceived, constructed, and maintained.
Emphasising Energy Demand Reduction
One of the most effective strategies for addressing the climate crisis is reducing energy demand. Sustainable architects are pioneers in this regard, employing innovative design principles and technologies to create buildings that are highly energy-efficient. From passive solar design and enhanced insulation to intelligent lighting and HVAC systems, architects are revolutionising the way buildings consume energy. By minimising energy demand, they not only reduce carbon emissions but also promote long-term cost savings for building owners and occupants.
Sustainable Architects: The Vanguard of Change
Sustainable architects are the torchbearers of a new era in the architectural profession. They embody the spirit of innovation and responsibility, harnessing their expertise to craft sustainable, resilient, and environmentally conscious designs. These architects understand that every building they design is a legacy, and they are committed to leaving a positive mark on the planet.
Chapter 2 Conclusion
As the world grapples with the consequences of a warming planet, the architectural industry finds itself standing at a pivotal crossroads. The urgency of the climate crisis demands immediate action, and sustainable architects are ready to lead the way. With a focus on net zero whole life carbon and energy demand reduction, they are reshaping the built environment for a more sustainable future. While the UK Government’s commitment to net-zero emissions by 2050 is a critical milestone, it is the collective efforts of architects and other industry stakeholders that will drive real change. In the hands of sustainable architects, the imperative of immediate response becomes a beacon of hope for a planet in need of healing.
Douglas House in Kensal Rise, NW London, was designed to EnerPHit standards including additional insulation, high performance glazing, MVHR, Airtightness and Solar PVs.
Chapter 3: The Evolution of the Challenge: Refined Goals for 2021
In its relentless pursuit of a sustainable future, the Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA) has consistently adapted and refined its approach to the 2030 Climate Challenge. Since its inauguration in 2019, this initiative has undergone a significant transformation, ushering in Version 2 in 2021. This evolution not only demonstrates RIBA’s commitment to addressing the climate crisis but also reflects the dynamic nature of the architectural profession’s response to the challenge. Sustainable architects have been key contributors to this process, shaping and embracing the refined goals set forth in this updated version.
The Ongoing Climate Crisis: A Call for Adaptation
The climate crisis continues to escalate, making it imperative for organisations like RIBA to adapt and strengthen their initiatives. Record-breaking heatwaves, catastrophic wildfires, and devastating storms serve as constant reminders of the urgency of the situation. Sustainable architects have been at the forefront, advocating for more ambitious goals and practical strategies to combat climate change.
Version 2: An Aligned and Inclusive Approach
Version 2 (2021) of the 2030 Climate Challenge represents a significant step forward in aligning RIBA’s objectives with broader industry bodies. Recognising that a collaborative approach is essential, RIBA has worked closely with other stakeholders, including architectural associations, environmental organisations, and government bodies, to create a unified front against climate change. This alignment ensures that the goals set forth in the challenge resonate with the wider industry, fostering greater adoption and impact.
Incorporating the Latest Guidance
Sustainable architects understand that staying current with the latest industry standards and guidance is paramount to achieving meaningful change. Version 2 (2021) of the challenge reflects this ethos by incorporating the most up-to-date jointly authored guidance. This ensures that architects have access to the best practices and cutting-edge knowledge needed to design and construct environmentally responsible buildings.
Immediate Action Over Perfection
The updated challenge underscores a crucial philosophy: the necessity of immediate action, even if perfection isn’t yet achievable. Sustainable architects recognise that the climate crisis demands urgent responses and that waiting for the perfect solution is a luxury we can’t afford. Instead, they focus on incremental improvements, continuously refining their approaches, and learning from each project to make sustainable design more attainable and effective.
The Role of Sustainable Architects in Version 2
Sustainable architects are instrumental in driving Version 2 (2021) of the 2030 Climate Challenge. Their expertise in sustainable design, commitment to innovation, and dedication to environmental stewardship make them key contributors to the challenge’s evolution. They advocate for more ambitious targets, influence industry standards, and serve as beacons of inspiration for their peers. Their work not only transforms individual projects but also contributes to a broader shift towards a more sustainable built environment.
Chapter 3 Conclusion
As the world grapples with the escalating climate crisis, RIBA’s 2030 Climate Challenge continues to evolve, adapting to the changing landscape of sustainability. Version 2 (2021) represents a collaborative, inclusive, and action-oriented approach that resonates with the architectural community and industry stakeholders alike. Sustainable architects, with their unwavering commitment to the environment, play a pivotal role in shaping and embracing these refined goals. They understand that perfection may remain elusive, but immediate action is imperative. In this evolving challenge, sustainable architects stand as champions of progress, driving the architectural profession towards a more sustainable and resilient future.
The Lexi Cinema & Hub in Kensal Rise, NW London, following Passivhaus design principles including super-insulated outer skin, airtightness, MVHR. It also includes an Air to Air Source Heat Pump, making it the first cinema in the UK to control the air temperature of the auditorium this way
Chapter 4: Navigating the Ambitious Goals of RIBA’s 2030 Climate Challenge
The audacity of RIBA’s 2030 Climate Challenge is matched only by its feasibility. It is a call to action that beckons architects and the wider industry to make substantial and tangible contributions to the fight against climate change. The challenge sets out clear and ambitious targets, each meticulously designed to drive sustainability forward. Sustainable architects, with their innovative thinking and unwavering commitment to environmental stewardship, are pivotal in realising these objectives.
1. Reducing Operational Energy Demand by 60%
The first target of the challenge centres on the reduction of operational energy demand. Sustainable architects understand that buildings are responsible for a significant portion of global energy consumption and carbon emissions. To meet this ambitious goal, architects employ a range of strategies. These include harnessing renewable energy sources, enhancing insulation and airtightness, and integrating smart technologies for efficient energy management. Sustainable architects are adept at optimising building designs to significantly slash energy demand while maintaining comfort and functionality.
2. Decreasing Embodied Carbon by 40%
Embodied carbon, which accounts for emissions associated with a building’s construction materials and processes, is a critical aspect of sustainable design. Sustainable architects are well-versed in selecting low-carbon materials, promoting recycling and reuse, and reducing waste during construction. They also consider the carbon footprint of transportation and manufacturing processes. Through meticulous planning and innovative solutions, sustainable architects aim to achieve a 40% reduction in embodied carbon, contributing to a more sustainable built environment.
3. Reducing Potable Water Use by 40%
Water is a precious resource, and sustainable architects are keenly aware of the need to conserve it. The challenge’s target to reduce potable water use by 40% calls for the adoption of water-efficient fixtures, rainwater harvesting systems, and greywater recycling. Sustainable architects integrate these solutions seamlessly into building designs, reducing the strain on water resources while promoting responsible water management practices.
4. Meeting Core Health and Wellbeing Metrics
Beyond environmental sustainability, the challenge recognises the importance of human well-being in architectural design. Sustainable architects champion this cause by prioritising health and well-being metrics in their projects. They design spaces that promote natural light, good air quality, and access to green spaces. Moreover, they create environments that foster mental and physical health, enhancing the overall quality of life for building occupants.
Sustainable Architects: The Catalysts of Change
Sustainable architects are not merely tasked with meeting these challenging targets; they are the catalysts of change within the architectural profession. Their holistic approach to design integrates sustainability into every facet of the built environment. They push boundaries, challenge conventions, and demonstrate that ambitious sustainability goals are not only feasible but also economically and environmentally advantageous.
Chapter 4 Conclusion
RIBA’s 2030 Climate Challenge presents a bold vision for the future of architecture, one in which sustainability is at the core of every design and construction project. The granular targets set forth in this challenge may seem ambitious, but they are well within reach, thanks to the dedication and expertise of sustainable architects. These architects, with their commitment to reducing operational energy demand, decreasing embodied carbon, conserving water, and prioritising health and wellbeing, are reshaping the built environment for the better. As they navigate the complexities of sustainable design, they inspire and lead the way towards a more sustainable, resilient, and harmonious future for all.
Herbert Paradise in Kensal Rise, NW London, our low energy home designed following EnerPHit principles of design
Chapter 5: Beyond Just Numbers: RIBA’s Advocacy for Holistic Design
In the journey towards a sustainable future, RIBA’s 2030 Climate Challenge stands as a pivotal beacon, guiding the architectural community towards a net-zero carbon future. Yet, it is essential to recognise that this challenge is about more than just achieving numerical targets; it represents a profound transformation in architectural design thought. Sustainable architects are not only striving to meet specific goals but also embracing outcome-based design methodologies that transcend mere numbers. This holistic approach is a fundamental paradigm shift, where every architectural project, regardless of external constraints, aspires to align itself with the 2030 targets from the outset.
Reimagining Architectural Design Thought
The traditional approach to architectural design often revolved around aesthetics, functionality, and immediate project constraints. However, the 2030 Climate Challenge challenges architects to reimagine their thought processes. Sustainable architects understand that design decisions made at the project’s inception can have a lasting impact on its environmental performance. They advocate for a broader perspective that encompasses not only the physical aspects of a building but also its long-term ecological footprint.
Outcome-Based Design: The New Imperative
The essence of outcome-based design is to prioritise the final result over the initial constraints. Sustainable architects are adept at envisioning the end goal – a sustainable, energy-efficient, and carbon-neutral building – and then working backwards to achieve it. This approach compels architects to think holistically, considering not only energy efficiency but also embodied carbon, water use, and the overall environmental and social impact of their designs.
Immediate Alignment with 2030 Targets
One of the most significant aspects of this holistic design approach is the insistence on immediate alignment with the 2030 targets. Sustainable architects recognise that waiting until the later stages of a project to consider sustainability can be too late. Instead, they advocate for incorporating sustainability into the project’s DNA from the very beginning. This proactive stance ensures that sustainability is not an afterthought but an integral part of the design process.
Overcoming External Hindrances
While the 2030 Climate Challenge may seem ambitious, sustainable architects view it as a non-negotiable imperative. They understand that external constraints, such as budget limitations or regulatory hurdles, should not be used as excuses to postpone sustainability goals. Instead, they see these challenges as opportunities for creativity and innovation. Sustainable architects work tirelessly to find solutions that make sustainable design not only achievable but also cost-effective and compliant with regulations.
Sustainable Architects: Pioneers of Holistic Design
Sustainable architects are the pioneers of this new era of architectural design. They are the architects of the future, forging a path towards a more sustainable and resilient built environment. Their commitment to outcome-based design methodologies transcends the limitations of traditional practices. They envision a world where every building, regardless of its size or purpose, is a testament to sustainability and environmental responsibility.
Chapter 5 Conclusion
RIBA’s 2030 Climate Challenge is not just a set of numerical targets; it represents a profound shift in architectural design thought. Sustainable architects champion this transformation, advocating for outcome-based design methodologies that prioritise sustainability from the project’s inception. Their commitment to immediate alignment with the 2030 targets and their ability to overcome external hindrances make them the vanguard of change within the architectural profession. As they continue to push the boundaries of design, sustainable architects are reshaping the way we conceive, construct, and inhabit our built environment, leaving a lasting legacy of sustainability for generations to come.
Ice Cream House in Hampstead, N London, designed following EnerPHit principles of sustainable design
Chapter 6: The Power of Data: Monitoring and Reporting in the 2030 Climate Challenge
In the quest for a more sustainable built environment, RIBA’s 2030 Climate Challenge harnesses a potent tool – data. This transformative initiative recognises that the collection and analysis of data are paramount in the pursuit of sustainability goals. Sustainable architects, as the driving force behind this movement, understand the pivotal role of data in monitoring and reporting on building performance. Through the submission of anonymised project data, they contribute to a collective endeavour that not only tracks progress but also identifies opportunities for improvement.
The Cornerstone of the 2030 Climate Challenge
Data is the cornerstone upon which the 2030 Climate Challenge is built. Participating firms are tasked with submitting comprehensive data related to their projects. This data encompasses various aspects, from energy consumption and water use to embodied carbon and overall building performance. By compiling this information, the challenge creates a comprehensive dataset that serves as a barometer for sustainability within the architectural community.
The Power of Anonymised Data
The significance of anonymised data cannot be overstated. Sustainable architects recognise the need to protect the confidentiality of individual projects while still leveraging the collective insights that data can provide. Anonymisation ensures that sensitive project details remain confidential, allowing firms to share their experiences and performance without compromising their proprietary information.
Understanding Building Performance Trends
Data is a powerful lens through which to examine building performance trends. Sustainable architects use this data to gain valuable insights into how design choices, construction methods, and operational practices impact a building’s environmental footprint. By identifying patterns and trends, architects can refine their approaches, making informed decisions that drive sustainability forward.
Identifying Areas of Improvement
The analysis of data goes beyond merely assessing success; it also highlights areas where improvement is needed. Sustainable architects view data as a diagnostic tool that helps them pinpoint weaknesses in their designs or practices. By identifying these areas of improvement, architects can iterate and refine their processes, driving continuous progress towards the 2030 targets.
Sustainable architects are adept at making data-driven decisions. They use the insights derived from the 2030 Climate Challenge data to inform their design choices, select materials with lower embodied carbon, and implement energy-efficient technologies. This data-centric approach empowers architects to create buildings that not only meet sustainability targets but also exceed them.
Chapter 6 Conclusion
In the 2030 Climate Challenge, data emerges as a formidable ally in the pursuit of sustainability. Sustainable architects, as the custodians of this data, understand its transformative potential. Through the submission of anonymised project data, they contribute to a collective effort that monitors progress, identifies trends, and pinpoints areas of improvement. Data is not merely a tool for reporting; it is a catalyst for change. It empowers architects to make informed, data-driven decisions that lead to a more sustainable and resilient built environment. As the architectural profession continues to evolve, sustainable architects stand as champions of data-driven sustainability, driving positive change for the benefit of future generations.
Bethany and Imran at Herbert Paradise during construction discussing the ducting routes of the MVHR system
Chapter 7: The Blueprint for Success: The 2030 Climate Challenge Checklist
In the pursuit of sustainability, the 2030 Climate Challenge offers a well-defined blueprint for success. This comprehensive checklist serves as a guiding light for Chartered Practices, providing a clear roadmap to navigate the complex terrain of sustainable design and construction. It encompasses a multitude of facets, from striving to meet reduced operational energy and embodied carbon targets to focusing on water efficiency and indoor health. Sustainable architects, armed with this invaluable tool, are equipped to chart a course towards a more sustainable, resilient, and environmentally responsible built environment.
Setting the Foundation: Reduced Operational Energy
Reducing operational energy demand is a fundamental goal in the 2030 Climate Challenge checklist. Sustainable architects understand that this involves a holistic approach to design, encompassing building orientation, insulation, efficient HVAC systems, and the integration of renewable energy sources. They use this checklist as a compass to ensure that their designs prioritise energy efficiency from the outset.
Embodied carbon is another critical aspect of the checklist. Sustainable architects are adept at selecting low-carbon materials, considering their life cycle impacts, and promoting the use of sustainable and recycled resources. By aiming to meet embodied carbon targets, architects minimise the environmental footprint of their projects, contributing to a more sustainable built environment.
Conserving a Precious Resource: Water Efficiency
Water efficiency is an integral part of the checklist. Sustainable architects recognise that water is a finite resource and that its responsible use is paramount. They employ strategies such as rainwater harvesting, greywater recycling, and the specification of water-efficient fixtures to meet water efficiency targets. This not only reduces the strain on water resources but also lowers operational costs for building owners.
Prioritising Human Wellbeing: Indoor Health Metrics
The checklist extends beyond environmental concerns to focus on the health and well-being of building occupants. Sustainable architects are champions of indoor health metrics, which encompass factors like air quality, natural lighting, and access to green spaces. They design spaces that promote physical and mental health, ensuring that occupants thrive in a supportive and nurturing environment.
Sustainable Architects: Navigators of Sustainability
Sustainable architects are the navigators of sustainability, using the 2030 Climate Challenge checklist as their compass. They understand that achieving these targets requires a holistic approach to design and construction. They leverage their expertise to ensure that every project aligns with the checklist’s objectives, transforming buildings into beacons of sustainability and environmental responsibility.
Chapter 7 Conclusion
The 2030 Climate Challenge checklist is more than just a list of targets; it is a blueprint for success in the pursuit of sustainability. Sustainable architects view this checklist as an invaluable tool that guides their decision-making processes, from design conception to project completion. By setting their sights on reduced operational energy, embodied carbon targets, water efficiency, and indoor health metrics, architects are not only meeting the challenge but also exceeding it. As they continue to evolve the architectural profession, sustainable architects are reshaping the built environment for a more sustainable, resilient, and harmonious future for all.
Solar panels on the rear outrigger roof at our Ice Cream House in Hampstead, N London
Chapter 8: Emphasising Existing Infrastructure: Retrofitting as a Sustainable Strategy
In the pursuit of sustainability, the architectural world is undergoing a paradigm shift. While new constructions have traditionally dominated the scene, there is a growing emphasis on retaining, reusing, and repurposing existing buildings. This transformative approach places retrofitting at the forefront of sustainable architectural strategies. Sustainable architects understand that retrofitting can be a game-changer, offering significant potential to reduce carbon footprints and usher in a more sustainable built environment when executed thoughtfully and strategically.
Redefining Sustainability Through Retrofitting
Sustainability in architecture has evolved beyond the creation of new eco-friendly structures. It now encompasses the responsible stewardship of existing infrastructure. Retrofitting, the process of upgrading and enhancing the performance of older buildings, offers an opportunity to breathe new life into the built environment. Sustainable architects are at the forefront of this movement, recognising that retrofitting aligns with the principles of resource conservation, reduced waste, and carbon reduction.
The Carbon-Reducing Potential of Retrofitting
One of the most compelling aspects of retrofitting is its potential to significantly reduce carbon footprints. Sustainable architects understand that existing buildings often have high embodied carbon, which refers to the emissions associated with their construction materials. By retrofitting, architects can extend the life of these structures, effectively “reusing” their embodied carbon. This reduces the need for new construction and mitigates the carbon emissions typically associated with it.
Preserving Architectural Heritage
Retrofitting is not just about carbon reduction; it is also a means of preserving architectural heritage. Many older buildings possess unique historical and cultural significance. Sustainable architects recognise the value of maintaining this heritage while making these structures functional and energy-efficient for contemporary use. This harmonious blend of preservation and modernisation represents a holistic approach to sustainability.
Energy Efficiency and Modern Comfort
Sustainable architects are adept at transforming older buildings into energy-efficient, comfortable spaces. They utilise cutting-edge technologies such as improved insulation, energy-efficient windows, and advanced HVAC systems to reduce energy consumption and enhance occupant comfort. By breathing new life into existing structures, architects make them relevant, functional, and sustainable for today’s needs.
Overcoming Retrofitting Challenges
While retrofitting holds immense promise, it comes with its own set of challenges. Sustainable architects are experts in navigating these hurdles, from working within existing structural limitations to complying with modern building codes and standards. They approach each retrofitting project as a unique opportunity to showcase their innovative problem-solving skills and dedication to sustainability.
Sustainable Architects: Champions of Retrofitting
Sustainable architects are the champions of retrofitting as a sustainable strategy. They understand that the built environment is a vast resource that can be harnessed to address climate change and environmental degradation. Retrofitting is not just about modifying buildings; it is about reshaping the future of architecture and embracing the transformative potential of existing infrastructure.
Chapter 8 Conclusion
In the pursuit of sustainability, sustainable architects are leading the way by emphasising the significance of retrofitting existing infrastructure. This approach expands the definition of sustainability, promoting the preservation of architectural heritage, reducing carbon footprints, and enhancing energy efficiency and modern comfort. Retrofitting is more than just a design strategy; it is a commitment to making the most of our existing resources and shaping a more sustainable, resilient, and harmonious built environment for generations to come.
In the studio discussing the proposals for Herbert Paradise in Kensal Rise, NW London. On the screen you can see the model of the garden studio in 3D, all our projects are drawn up in ArchiCAD. BIM is like digital Lego instructions for real buildings. It helps people see, fix mistakes, share plans, save resources, and make changes easily.
Chapter 9: The Role of Clients and Partnerships in the 2030 Climate Challenge
The success of the 2030 Climate Challenge is a collaborative endeavour that extends beyond the realm of sustainable architects. Clients, as key stakeholders in the architectural process, play an indispensable role in realising the ambitious goals set forth by RIBA. Their engagement, commitment, and willingness to collaborate effectively are pivotal in shaping a sustainable built environment. RIBA, recognising the importance of client involvement, offers valuable tools such as client guides to facilitate this collaboration and foster a shared vision of sustainability.
The Client’s Vital Role
Clients are more than just patrons of architectural projects; they are active participants in the journey towards sustainability. Sustainable architects understand that a client’s commitment to sustainability is a catalyst for change. Clients who embrace sustainability as a core value can inspire architects to push the boundaries of design and ensure that sustainability is integrated into every aspect of the project.
Buy-In and Shared Values
One of the first steps in achieving alignment between clients and sustainable architects is securing client buy-in. Sustainable architects advocate for open and transparent discussions with clients, ensuring that sustainability objectives are clearly defined and shared. Clients who align their values with sustainability goals are more likely to support innovative design solutions and sustainable building practices.
Collaborative Partnerships
Effective collaboration between clients and sustainable architects is the cornerstone of success in the 2030 Climate Challenge. Sustainable architects view clients as partners in the journey towards sustainability, valuing their input and expertise. Together, they work to identify sustainable design strategies, evaluate the environmental and economic benefits, and make informed decisions that align with the challenge’s objectives.
RIBA’s Client Guides
Recognising the pivotal role of clients, RIBA provides valuable resources such as client guides. These guides serve as informative tools that educate clients about the significance of sustainability and their role in the process. They offer insights into sustainable design principles, energy efficiency, and environmental considerations, empowering clients to make informed decisions that align with the challenge’s goals.
Sustainable Architects as Guides
Sustainable architects act as guides and advocates, helping clients navigate the complexities of sustainability. They provide clients with the knowledge and expertise needed to make informed choices that benefit not only the project but also the environment. Sustainable architects view their role as facilitators, creating a bridge between client aspirations and sustainability objectives.
Chapter 9 Conclusion
In the 2030 Climate Challenge, the role of clients and partnerships is pivotal in realising the vision of a sustainable built environment. Sustainable architects recognise that collaboration with clients is essential for success. Clients who share the values of sustainability and engage actively in the process can inspire innovative design solutions and promote sustainable building practices. With the support of resources like RIBA’s client guides, clients are empowered to make informed decisions that align with the challenge’s goals. Sustainable architects, acting as guides and advocates, navigate this collaborative journey, ensuring that the built environment of the future is not only sustainable but also a testament to the power of effective partnerships. Together, they shape a more sustainable, resilient, and harmonious future for all.
Douglas House in Kensal Rise, NW London, our low-energy home retrofit project included super insulation, airtightness, MVHR and Solar PVs.
Chapter 10: The Path Forward: Continuous Adaptation and Growth
The 2030 Climate Challenge is a dynamic and ever-evolving initiative that exemplifies the spirit of progress and sustainability. Rooted in the ethos of environmental responsibility, it acknowledges that the journey towards a sustainable built environment is not static; rather, it is a continuous and adaptive process. Sustainable architects understand that the challenge’s targets and strategies are not set in stone; they will inevitably refine further as new research and sectoral insights emerge. As architects, our duty is to keep pace with these changes, embrace continuous adaptation and growth, and lead the way in sustainable design.
The Beauty of Evolution
One of the remarkable aspects of the 2030 Climate Challenge is its capacity for evolution. Sustainable architects appreciate that this challenge is not a rigid set of rules but a framework that evolves in response to emerging knowledge and shifting paradigms. It is a living testament to the architectural profession’s commitment to addressing the climate crisis head-on.
Ongoing Research and Insights
Sustainable architects are avid consumers of knowledge and information, constantly seeking to expand their understanding of sustainable design principles. They recognise that the field of sustainability is dynamic, with ongoing research yielding fresh insights into energy efficiency, carbon reduction, materials innovation, and more. By staying abreast of these developments, architects can integrate the latest advancements into their designs and projects.
Refining Targets and Strategies
The targets and strategies of the 2030 Climate Challenge will undoubtedly be refined further as new information becomes available. Sustainable architects view this refinement as an opportunity to push the boundaries of sustainability even further. They are ready to embrace more ambitious goals, incorporate innovative technologies, and adapt their practices to align with the evolving standards of sustainability.
Leading the Way in Sustainable Design
Sustainable architects are not passive observers of change; they are leaders in sustainable design. They understand that their role extends beyond designing buildings; it includes advocating for sustainable practices within the profession and guiding clients towards more sustainable choices. By embodying the principles of continuous adaptation and growth, sustainable architects set the standard for their peers and inspire a collective commitment to sustainability.
A Vision of the Future
The path forward in the 2030 Climate Challenge is one of unwavering dedication to a sustainable future. Sustainable architects envision a built environment where every structure is a testament to sustainability, resilience, and environmental responsibility. They see a future where sustainable design is not an exception but the norm, where architects play a pivotal role in shaping a world that is in harmony with nature.
The 2030 Climate Challenge represents a call to action and a testament to the power of continuous adaptation and growth. Sustainable architects, as the vanguards of this movement, are committed to embracing change, staying informed, and leading the way in sustainable design. They recognise that the beauty of the challenge lies in its evolving nature, and they stand ready to refine their practices, set more ambitious targets, and inspire a collective commitment to a sustainable future. As architects, they shape not only buildings but also the world we inhabit, leaving a legacy of resilience, sustainability, and growth for generations to come.
In conclusion, the RIBA 2030 Climate Challenge isn’t just a set of targets; it’s a clarion call for architects worldwide. Having been a part of the architectural community for two decades, I genuinely believe this challenge can galvanise our fraternity, and together, we can script a sustainable, carbon-neutral future for our built environment.
If you would like to talk through your project with the team, please do get in touch at mail@risedesignstudio.co.uk or give us a call on 020 3290 1003
